如何使用Selenium Webdriver中的下拉菜单？

#1 楼

使用Select Utility类

使用下拉菜单的最大秘密是，您不想将它们作为WebElement来使用，而是为其创建Select元素。 Select类（java和python文档）包括实用程序方法，可让您执行常见任务。我们将使用以下html：

<select id="mySelectID">
    <option value="Value">Option</option>
    <option value="NotValue">Not Option</option>
</select>

通过选项名称选择

Java：

WebElement mySelectElm = driver.findElement(By.id("mySelectID")); 
Select mySelect= new Select(mySelectElm);
selMySelect.selectByVisibleText("Option");

Python：

mySelect = Select(driver.find_element_by_id("mySelectID"))
mySelect.select_by_visible_text("Option")

var mySelectElm = driver.FindElement(By.Id("mySelectID"));
var mySelect = new SelectElement(mySelectElm);
selectElement.SelectByText("Option");

通过选项值选择

Java：

WebElement mySelectElm = driver.findElement(By.id("mySelectID")); 
Select mySelect= new Select(mySelectElm);
selMySelect.selectByValue("Value");

Python：

mySelect = Select(driver.find_element_by_id("mySelectID"))
mySelect.select_by_value("Value")

C＃：

var mySelectElm = driver.FindElement(By.Id("mySelectID"));
var mySelect = new SelectElement(mySelectElm);
selectElement.SelectByValue("Value");

按索引选择

Java：

WebElement mySelectElm = driver.findElement(By.id("mySelectID")); 
Select mySelect= new Select(mySelectElm);
selMySelect.selectByIndex(0);

Python：

mySelect = Select(driver.find_element_by_id("mySelectID"))
mySelect.select_by_index(0)

C＃：

var mySelectElm = driver.FindElement(By.Id("mySelectID"));
var mySelect = new SelectElement(mySelectElm);
selectElement.SelectByIndex(0);

获取所选选项

Java：

WebElement mySelectElm = driver.findElement(By.id("mySelectID")); 
Select mySelect= new Select(mySelectElm);
WebElement option = mySelect.getFirstSelectedOption();
System.out.println(option.getText()); //prints "Option"

Python：

mySelect = Select(driver.find_element_by_id("mySelectID"))
option = mySelect.first_selected_option
print option.text  #prints "Option"

C＃：

var mySelectElm = driver.FindElement(By.Id("mySelectID"));
var mySelect = new SelectElement(mySelectElm);
var option = mySelect.SelectedOption;
Console.write(option.Text); //prints "Option"

>获取选项列表

Java：

WebElement mySelectElm = driver.findElement(By.id("mySelectID")); 
Select mySelect= new Select(mySelectElm);
List<WebElement> options = mySelect.getOptions();
for (WebElement option : options) {
    System.out.println(option.getText()); //Prints "Option", followed by "Not Option"
}

Python：

mySelect = Select(driver.find_element_by_id("mySelectID"))
print [o.text for o in mySelect.options] #Prints "Option", followed by "Not Option"

C＃：

var mySelectElm = driver.FindElement(By.Id("mySelectID"));
var mySelect = new SelectElement(mySelectElm);
var options = mySelect.SelectedOptions;
foreach(var option in options) {
    Console.write(option.Text); //Prints "Option", followed by "Not Option"
}

#2 楼

如果没有Select类

我明智地使用选择器就可以完成我在其他答案中列出的所有内容。由于Select类在Ruby中不存在（据我所知），这是在Ruby中使用Select选项的唯一方法。

同样，HTML：

<select id="mySelectID">
    <option value="Value">Option</option>
    <option value="NotValue">Not Option</option>
</select>

通过选项名称选择

Java，方法1：

在本示例中，我们通过复杂的xpath找到了该选项，然后单击它：

WebElement myoption = driver.findElement(By.xpath(
    "//Select[@id='mySelectID']/option[normalize-space(text())='Option']")
);
 myOption.click();

Java，方法2：

在此示例中，我们找到了所有选项，对其进行迭代，然后单击我们想要的一个。如果您有更复杂的标准，这将非常有用。

WebElement mySelectElm = driver.findElement(By.id("mySelectID")); 
Select mySelect= new Select(mySelect);
List<WebElement> options = mySelect.getOptions();
for (WebElement option : options) {
    if (option.getText().equalsIgnoreCase("Option") {
        option.click();
    }
}

mySelect=webdriver.find_element(:id,"mySelectID")
options=mySelect.find_elements(:tag_name=>"option")
options.each do |g|
  if g.text == "Option"
  g.click
  break
  end
end

Ruby，方法3：

在这里，我们很喜欢使用闭包而不是循环来找到正确的选项：

mySelect = webdriver.find_element(:id,"mySelectID")
option = dropdown.find_elements(:tag_name,"option").detect { |option| option.attribute('text').eql? "Option"}
option.click

通过选项值选择

相同的基本思想，但是我们可以使用CSS通过值选择选项，而不必考虑xpath：

Java

WebElement myoption = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("#mySelectID option[value='Value']"));
myOption.click();

mySelect = webdriver.find_element(:id,"mySelectID")
option = mySelect.find_element(:css, "option[value='Value']")
option.click

通过索引选择

再次使用CSS选择器很容易：

Java

WebElement myoption = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("#mySelectID option:nth-child(1)"));
myOption.click();

Ruby

mySelect = webdriver.find_element(:id,"mySelectID")
option = mySelect.find_element(:css, "option:nth-child(1)")
option.click

获取选定的选项

CSS选择器万岁！出于遗留原因，“选中”的选择器是“选中的”，如复选框：

Java： >

WebElement myoption = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("#mySelectID option:checked"));
System.out.println(myoption.getText()); //prints "Option"

获取选项列表

Java：

mySelect = webdriver.find_element(:id,"mySelectID")
option = mySelect.find_element(:css, "option:nth-child(1)")
print option.text

/>

List<WebElement> options = driver.findElements(By.cssSelector("#mySelectID option"));
for (WebElement option : options) {
    System.out.println(option.getText()); //Prints "Option", followed by "Not Option"
}

#3 楼

您可以使用以下方法来处理硒的下降。

 1. driver.selectByVisibleText("Text");
 2. driver.selectByIndex(1);
 3. driver.selectByValue("prog");

有关更多详细信息，请参阅此文章。
它绝对可以帮助您解决查询。

#4 楼

有一个可怕的错误，即在Firefox或phantomjs版本的硒中选择选项未触发。我选择了以下方法，也许会对其他人有所帮助：

from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import Select

def trigger_event(driver, id_, event):
    js = '''
    var event = new Event("%s");
    element = document.getElementById("%s")
    element.dispatchEvent(event);
    return true;
    ''' % (event, id_)

    assert driver.execute_script(js)

select_id = "SELECT_ID"
select = driver.find_element_by_id(select_id)
Select(select).select_by_visible_text("SELECT_TEXT")
trigger_event(driver, select_id, "input")

#5 楼

1）SelectByIndex

Select select = new Select(driver.findElement(By.id("mobile-operator"))); select.selectByValue(index of the record you want to select );

2）SelectByValue

Select select = new Select(driver.findElement(By.id("mobile-operator")));
select.selectByValue(value of the record you want to select );

3）SelectByVisibleText

Select select = new Select(driver.findElement(By.id("mobile-operator"))); /n
select.selectByValue(visible text of the record you want to select );

#6 楼

Ruby-使用capybara gem

http://www.rubydoc.info/github/jnicklas/capybara/Capybara/Node/Actions#select-instance_method

以奇妙而简洁的红宝石方式实现其他实现的优点：

select('Option', from: 'Select Box')

html有<select id='driver-license-month'>...<option value='November'>November</option>...