在Swift中的UITextView中添加占位符文本？

#1 楼

已为Swift 4更新

UITextView本质上不具有占位符属性，因此您必须使用UITextViewDelegate方法以编程方式创建和操作一个占位符。我建议根据所需的行为使用下面的解决方案＃1或＃2。

注意：对于这两种解决方案，请将UITextViewDelegate添加到类中，并将textView.delegate = self设置为使用文本视图的委托方法。 >

解决方案1-如果您希望占位符在用户选择文本视图后就消失：

首先将UITextView设置为包含占位符文本并进行设置为浅灰色，以模仿UITextField的占位符文本的外观。请在viewDidLoad中或在创建文本视图时执行此操作。 （如果其文本颜色为浅灰色），清除占位符文本并将文本颜色设置为黑色，以适应用户的输入。

textView.text = "Placeholder"
textView.textColor = UIColor.lightGray

然后当用户完成编辑时文本视图，并将其辞去为第一响应者，如果文本视图为空，请通过重新添加占位符文本并将其颜色设置为浅灰色来重置其占位符。

func textViewDidBeginEditing(_ textView: UITextView) {
    if textView.textColor == UIColor.lightGray {
        textView.text = nil
        textView.textColor = UIColor.black
    }
}

解决方案＃2-如果希望在文本视图为空时显示占位符，即使选择了文本视图也是如此：

首先在viewDidLoad中设置占位符：

func textViewDidEndEditing(_ textView: UITextView) {
    if textView.text.isEmpty {
        textView.text = "Placeholder"
        textView.textColor = UIColor.lightGray
    }
}

（注意：由于OP希望在加载视图后立即选择文本视图，因此我将文本视图选择合并到了上面的代码中。期望的行为并且您不希望在加载视图时选择文本视图，请从上述代码块中删除最后两行。）

然后使用shouldChangeTextInRange UITextViewDelegate方法，如下所示：

textView.text = "Placeholder"
textView.textColor = UIColor.lightGray

textView.becomeFirstResponder()

textView.selectedTextRange = textView.textRange(from: textView.beginningOfDocument, to: textView.beginningOfDocument)

并且还实现了textViewDidChangeSelection以防止用户在占位符可见的情况下更改光标的位置。 （注意：textViewDidChangeSelection在视图加载之前被调用，因此，如果窗口可见，则仅检查文本视图的颜色）：

func textView(_ textView: UITextView, shouldChangeTextIn range: NSRange, replacementText text: String) -> Bool {

    // Combine the textView text and the replacement text to
    // create the updated text string
    let currentText:String = textView.text
    let updatedText = (currentText as NSString).replacingCharacters(in: range, with: text)

    // If updated text view will be empty, add the placeholder
    // and set the cursor to the beginning of the text view
    if updatedText.isEmpty {

        textView.text = "Placeholder"
        textView.textColor = UIColor.lightGray

        textView.selectedTextRange = textView.textRange(from: textView.beginningOfDocument, to: textView.beginningOfDocument)
    }

    // Else if the text view's placeholder is showing and the
    // length of the replacement string is greater than 0, set 
    // the text color to black then set its text to the
    // replacement string
     else if textView.textColor == UIColor.lightGray && !text.isEmpty {
        textView.textColor = UIColor.black
        textView.text = text
    }

    // For every other case, the text should change with the usual
    // behavior...
    else {
        return true
    }

    // ...otherwise return false since the updates have already
    // been made
    return false
}

#2 楼

浮动占位符



将占位符标签放置在文本视图上方，设置其字体，颜色并通过跟踪文本视图的更改来管理占位符可见性是简单，安全和可靠的字符数。

Swift 3：

class NotesViewController : UIViewController, UITextViewDelegate {

    @IBOutlet var textView : UITextView!
    var placeholderLabel : UILabel!

    override func viewDidLoad() {
        super.viewDidLoad()

        textView.delegate = self
        placeholderLabel = UILabel()
        placeholderLabel.text = "Enter some text..."
        placeholderLabel.font = UIFont.italicSystemFont(ofSize: (textView.font?.pointSize)!)
        placeholderLabel.sizeToFit()
        textView.addSubview(placeholderLabel)
        placeholderLabel.frame.origin = CGPoint(x: 5, y: (textView.font?.pointSize)! / 2)
        placeholderLabel.textColor = UIColor.lightGray
        placeholderLabel.isHidden = !textView.text.isEmpty
    }

    func textViewDidChange(_ textView: UITextView) {
        placeholderLabel.isHidden = !textView.text.isEmpty
    }
}

Swift 2：相同，除了：italicSystemFontOfSize(textView.font.pointSize)，UIColor.lightGrayColor

#3 楼

Swift：

以编程方式或通过Interface Builder添加文本视图，如果是最后一个，则创建出口：

@IBOutlet weak var yourTextView: UITextView!

请添加委托（ UITextViewDelegate）：

class ViewController: UIViewController, UITextViewDelegate {

在viewDidLoad方法中，添加以下内容：

override func viewDidLoad() {
        super.viewDidLoad()
        // Do any additional setup after loading the view, typically from a nib.

    yourTextView.delegate = self
    yourTextView.text = "Placeholder text goes right here..."
    yourTextView.textColor = UIColor.lightGray

现在让我介绍魔术部分，添加此功能：

func textViewDidBeginEditing(_ textView: UITextView) {

    if yourTextView.textColor == UIColor.lightGray {
        yourTextView.text = ""
        yourTextView.textColor = UIColor.black
    }
}

请注意，此操作将在编辑开始时执行，我们将使用color属性检查条件以告知状态。
我不建议将文本设置为nil。之后，我们将文本颜色设置为所需的颜色，在这种情况下为黑色。

现在也添加此功能：

func textViewDidEndEditing(_ textView: UITextView) {

    if yourTextView.text == "" {

        yourTextView.text = "Placeholder text ..."
        yourTextView.textColor = UIColor.lightGray
    }
}

我坚持认为，请勿将其与nil进行比较，我已经尝试过了，但无法正常工作。然后，我们将这些值重新设置为占位符样式，并将颜色重新设置为占位符颜色，因为这是签入textViewDidBeginEditing的条件。

#4 楼

我很惊讶没有人提到NSTextStorageDelegate。 UITextViewDelegate的方法将仅由用户交互触发，而不会以编程方式触发。例如。当您以编程方式设置文本视图的text属性时，必须自己设置占位符的可见性，因为不会调用委托方法。

但是，使用NSTextStorageDelegate的textStorage(_:didProcessEditing:range:changeInLength:)方法，您将即使对文字进行了更改，也会收到通知，即使该文字已通过编程方式完成。只需这样分配：

textView.textStorage.delegate = self

（在UITextView中，此委托属性默认为nil，因此不会影响任何默认行为。）

通过@clearlight演示的UILabel技术进行组合，可以轻松地将整个UITextView的placeholder实现包装到扩展中。

extension UITextView {

    private class PlaceholderLabel: UILabel { }

    private var placeholderLabel: PlaceholderLabel {
        if let label = subviews.compactMap( { q4312078q as? PlaceholderLabel }).first {
            return label
        } else {
            let label = PlaceholderLabel(frame: .zero)
            label.font = font
            addSubview(label)
            return label
        }
    }

    @IBInspectable
    var placeholder: String {
        get {
            return subviews.compactMap( { q4312078q as? PlaceholderLabel }).first?.text ?? ""
        }
        set {
            let placeholderLabel = self.placeholderLabel
            placeholderLabel.text = newValue
            placeholderLabel.numberOfLines = 0
            let width = frame.width - textContainer.lineFragmentPadding * 2
            let size = placeholderLabel.sizeThatFits(CGSize(width: width, height: .greatestFiniteMagnitude))
            placeholderLabel.frame.size.height = size.height
            placeholderLabel.frame.size.width = width
            placeholderLabel.frame.origin = CGPoint(x: textContainer.lineFragmentPadding, y: textContainerInset.top)

            textStorage.delegate = self
        }
    }

}

extension UITextView: NSTextStorageDelegate {

    public func textStorage(_ textStorage: NSTextStorage, didProcessEditing editedMask: NSTextStorageEditActions, range editedRange: NSRange, changeInLength delta: Int) {
        if editedMask.contains(.editedCharacters) {
            placeholderLabel.isHidden = !text.isEmpty
        }
    }

}

请注意用法称为PlaceholderLabel的私有（嵌套）类的实例。它根本没有实现，但是它为我们提供了一种识别占位符标签的方法，该标签比使用tag属性要“花哨得多”。

通过这种方法，您仍然可以将UITextView的委托分配给其他人。

您甚至不必更改文本视图的类。只需添加扩展，就可以为项目中的每个UITextView分配一个占位符字符串，即使在Interface Builder中也是如此。 ，但可以再执行几行，并使用与placeholderColor类似的计算变量。

#5 楼

使用此扩展程序，这是在UITextView中设置占位符的最佳方法。
但请确保已将委托附加到TextView。您可以这样设置占位符：-

yourTextView.placeholder = "Placeholder" 

extension UITextView :UITextViewDelegate
{

    /// Resize the placeholder when the UITextView bounds change
    override open var bounds: CGRect {
        didSet {
            self.resizePlaceholder()
        }
    }

    /// The UITextView placeholder text
    public var placeholder: String? {
        get {
            var placeholderText: String?

            if let placeholderLabel = self.viewWithTag(100) as? UILabel {
                placeholderText = placeholderLabel.text
            }

            return placeholderText
        }
        set {
            if let placeholderLabel = self.viewWithTag(100) as! UILabel? {
                placeholderLabel.text = newValue
                placeholderLabel.sizeToFit()
            } else {
                self.addPlaceholder(newValue!)
            }
        }
    }

    /// When the UITextView did change, show or hide the label based on if the UITextView is empty or not
    ///
    /// - Parameter textView: The UITextView that got updated
    public func textViewDidChange(_ textView: UITextView) {
        if let placeholderLabel = self.viewWithTag(100) as? UILabel {
            placeholderLabel.isHidden = self.text.characters.count > 0
        }
    }

    /// Resize the placeholder UILabel to make sure it's in the same position as the UITextView text
    private func resizePlaceholder() {
        if let placeholderLabel = self.viewWithTag(100) as! UILabel? {
            let labelX = self.textContainer.lineFragmentPadding
            let labelY = self.textContainerInset.top - 2
            let labelWidth = self.frame.width - (labelX * 2)
            let labelHeight = placeholderLabel.frame.height

            placeholderLabel.frame = CGRect(x: labelX, y: labelY, width: labelWidth, height: labelHeight)
        }
    }

    /// Adds a placeholder UILabel to this UITextView
    private func addPlaceholder(_ placeholderText: String) {
        let placeholderLabel = UILabel()

        placeholderLabel.text = placeholderText
        placeholderLabel.sizeToFit()

        placeholderLabel.font = self.font
        placeholderLabel.textColor = UIColor.lightGray
        placeholderLabel.tag = 100

        placeholderLabel.isHidden = self.text.characters.count > 0

        self.addSubview(placeholderLabel)
        self.resizePlaceholder()
        self.delegate = self
    }
}

#6 楼

我通过使用两个不同的文本视图来做到这一点：


背景中的一个用作占位符。
用户中的一个在前景（具有透明背景）

其想法是，一旦用户开始在前景视图中键入内容，背景中的占位符就会消失（如果用户删除所有内容，则占位符会再次出现）。因此，它的行为就像单行文本字段的占位符。

这是我使用的代码。请注意，descriptionField是用户键入的字段，descriptionPlaceholder是后台的字段。

func textViewDidChange(descriptionField: UITextView) {
    if descriptionField.text.isEmpty == false {
        descriptionPlaceholder.text = ""
    } else {
        descriptionPlaceholder.text = descriptionPlaceholderText
    }
}

#7 楼

基于这里的一些重要建议，我能够将UITextView的以下轻量级，与Interface-Builder兼容的子类放到一起，其中：像UITextField一样。
不需要任何其他子视图或约束。
不需要ViewController的任何委派或其他行为。
不需要任何通知。
>请保持文本与查看该字段的text属性的所有外部类完全分开。

Swift v5：

import UIKit
@IBDesignable class TextViewWithPlaceholder: UITextView {

    override var text: String! { // Ensures that the placeholder text is never returned as the field's text
        get {
            if showingPlaceholder {
                return "" // When showing the placeholder, there's no real text to return
            } else { return super.text }
        }
        set { super.text = newValue }
    }
    @IBInspectable var placeholderText: String = ""
    @IBInspectable var placeholderTextColor: UIColor = UIColor(red: 0.78, green: 0.78, blue: 0.80, alpha: 1.0) // Standard iOS placeholder color (#C7C7CD). See https://stackoverflow.com/questions/31057746/whats-the-default-color-for-placeholder-text-in-uitextfield
    private var showingPlaceholder: Bool = true // Keeps track of whether the field is currently showing a placeholder

    override func didMoveToWindow() {
        super.didMoveToWindow()
        if text.isEmpty {
            showPlaceholderText() // Load up the placeholder text when first appearing, but not if coming back to a view where text was already entered
        }
    }

    override func becomeFirstResponder() -> Bool {
        // If the current text is the placeholder, remove it
        if showingPlaceholder {
            text = nil
            textColor = nil // Put the text back to the default, unmodified color
            showingPlaceholder = false
        }
        return super.becomeFirstResponder()
    }

    override func resignFirstResponder() -> Bool {
        // If there's no text, put the placeholder back
        if text.isEmpty {
            showPlaceholderText()
        }
        return super.resignFirstResponder()
    }

    private func showPlaceholderText() {
        showingPlaceholder = true
        textColor = placeholderTextColor
        text = placeholderText
    }
}

#8 楼

我试图从clearlight的答案中简化代码。

extension UITextView{

    func setPlaceholder() {

        let placeholderLabel = UILabel()
        placeholderLabel.text = "Enter some text..."
        placeholderLabel.font = UIFont.italicSystemFont(ofSize: (self.font?.pointSize)!)
        placeholderLabel.sizeToFit()
        placeholderLabel.tag = 222
        placeholderLabel.frame.origin = CGPoint(x: 5, y: (self.font?.pointSize)! / 2)
        placeholderLabel.textColor = UIColor.lightGray
        placeholderLabel.isHidden = !self.text.isEmpty

        self.addSubview(placeholderLabel)
    }

    func checkPlaceholder() {
        let placeholderLabel = self.viewWithTag(222) as! UILabel
        placeholderLabel.isHidden = !self.text.isEmpty
    }

}

用法

override func viewDidLoad() {
    textView.delegate = self
    textView.setPlaceholder()
}

func textViewDidChange(_ textView: UITextView) {
    textView.checkPlaceholder()
}

#9 楼

在视图负载中设置SET值

    txtVw!.autocorrectionType = UITextAutocorrectionType.No
    txtVw!.text = "Write your Placeholder"
    txtVw!.textColor = UIColor.lightGrayColor()



func textViewDidBeginEditing(textView: UITextView) {
    if (txtVw?.text == "Write your Placeholder")

    {
        txtVw!.text = nil
        txtVw!.textColor = UIColor.blackColor()
    }
}

func textViewDidEndEditing(textView: UITextView) {
    if txtVw!.text.isEmpty
    {
        txtVw!.text = "Write your Placeholder"
        txtVw!.textColor = UIColor.lightGrayColor()
    }
    textView.resignFirstResponder()
}

#10 楼

另一种解决方案（快速3）：

import UIKit

protocol PlaceholderTextViewDelegate {
    func placeholderTextViewDidChangeText(_ text:String)
    func placeholderTextViewDidEndEditing(_ text:String)
}

final class PlaceholderTextView: UITextView {

    var notifier:PlaceholderTextViewDelegate?

    var placeholder: String? {
        didSet {
            placeholderLabel?.text = placeholder
        }
    }
    var placeholderColor = UIColor.lightGray
    var placeholderFont = UIFont.appMainFontForSize(14.0) {
        didSet {
            placeholderLabel?.font = placeholderFont
        }
    }

    fileprivate var placeholderLabel: UILabel?

    // MARK: - LifeCycle

    init() {
        super.init(frame: CGRect.zero, textContainer: nil)
        awakeFromNib()
    }

    required init?(coder aDecoder: NSCoder) {
        super.init(coder: aDecoder)
    }

    override func awakeFromNib() {
        super.awakeFromNib()

        self.delegate = self
        NotificationCenter.default.addObserver(self, selector: #selector(PlaceholderTextView.textDidChangeHandler(notification:)), name: .UITextViewTextDidChange, object: nil)

        placeholderLabel = UILabel()
        placeholderLabel?.textColor = placeholderColor
        placeholderLabel?.text = placeholder
        placeholderLabel?.textAlignment = .left
        placeholderLabel?.numberOfLines = 0
    }

    override func layoutSubviews() {
        super.layoutSubviews()

        placeholderLabel?.font = placeholderFont

        var height:CGFloat = placeholderFont.lineHeight
        if let data = placeholderLabel?.text {

            let expectedDefaultWidth:CGFloat = bounds.size.width
            let fontSize:CGFloat = placeholderFont.pointSize

            let textView = UITextView()
            textView.text = data
            textView.font = UIFont.appMainFontForSize(fontSize)
            let sizeForTextView = textView.sizeThatFits(CGSize(width: expectedDefaultWidth,
                                                               height: CGFloat.greatestFiniteMagnitude))
            let expectedTextViewHeight = sizeForTextView.height

            if expectedTextViewHeight > height {
                height = expectedTextViewHeight
            }
        }

        placeholderLabel?.frame = CGRect(x: 5, y: 0, width: bounds.size.width - 16, height: height)

        if text.isEmpty {
            addSubview(placeholderLabel!)
            bringSubview(toFront: placeholderLabel!)
        } else {
            placeholderLabel?.removeFromSuperview()
        }
    }

    func textDidChangeHandler(notification: Notification) {
        layoutSubviews()
    }

}

extension PlaceholderTextView : UITextViewDelegate {
    // MARK: - UITextViewDelegate
    func textView(_ textView: UITextView, shouldChangeTextIn range: NSRange, replacementText text: String) -> Bool {
        if(text == "\n") {
            textView.resignFirstResponder()
            return false
        }
        return true
    }

    func textViewDidChange(_ textView: UITextView) {
        notifier?.placeholderTextViewDidChangeText(textView.text)
    }

    func textViewDidEndEditing(_ textView: UITextView) {
        notifier?.placeholderTextViewDidEndEditing(textView.text)
    }
}

结果

#11 楼

这是我完成这项工作所使用的。

@IBDesignable class UIPlaceholderTextView: UITextView {
    
    var placeholderLabel: UILabel?
    
    override init(frame: CGRect, textContainer: NSTextContainer?) {
        super.init(frame: frame, textContainer: textContainer)
        sharedInit()
    }
    
    required init?(coder aDecoder: NSCoder) {
        super.init(coder: aDecoder)
        sharedInit()
    }
    
    override func prepareForInterfaceBuilder() {
        sharedInit()
    }
    
    func sharedInit() {
        refreshPlaceholder()
        NotificationCenter.default.addObserver(self, selector: #selector(textChanged), name: UITextView.textDidChangeNotification, object: nil)
    }

    @IBInspectable var placeholder: String? {
        didSet {
            refreshPlaceholder()
        }
    }

    @IBInspectable var placeholderColor: UIColor? = .darkGray {
        didSet {
            refreshPlaceholder()
        }
    }
    
    @IBInspectable var placeholderFontSize: CGFloat = 14 {
        didSet {
            refreshPlaceholder()
        }
    }
    
    func refreshPlaceholder() {
        if placeholderLabel == nil {
            placeholderLabel = UILabel()
            let contentView = self.subviews.first ?? self
            
            contentView.addSubview(placeholderLabel!)
            placeholderLabel?.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = false
            
            placeholderLabel?.leftAnchor.constraint(equalTo: contentView.leftAnchor, constant: textContainerInset.left + 4).isActive = true
            placeholderLabel?.rightAnchor.constraint(equalTo: contentView.rightAnchor, constant: textContainerInset.right + 4).isActive = true
            placeholderLabel?.topAnchor.constraint(equalTo: contentView.topAnchor, constant: textContainerInset.top).isActive = true
            placeholderLabel?.bottomAnchor.constraint(lessThanOrEqualTo: contentView.bottomAnchor, constant: textContainerInset.bottom)
        }
        placeholderLabel?.text = placeholder
        placeholderLabel?.textColor = placeholderColor
        placeholderLabel?.font = UIFont.systemFont(ofSize: placeholderFontSize)
    }
    
    @objc func textChanged() {
        if self.placeholder?.isEmpty ?? true {
            return
        }
        
        UIView.animate(withDuration: 0.25) {
            if self.text.isEmpty {
                self.placeholderLabel?.alpha = 1.0
            } else {
                self.placeholderLabel?.alpha = 0.0
            }
        }
    }
    
    override var text: String! {
        didSet {
            textChanged()
        }
    }

}

我知道有几种类似的方法，但是这种方法的好处是它可以：

在IB中设置占位符文本，字体大小和颜色。
不再在IB中显示“滚动视图具有模糊的可滚动内容”警告。
添加动画以显示/隐藏占位符。

#12 楼

Swift 3.2

extension EditProfileVC:UITextViewDelegate{

    func textViewDidBeginEditing(_ textView: UITextView) {
        if textView.textColor == UIColor.lightGray {
            textView.text = nil
            textView.textColor = UIColor.black
       }
    }
    func textViewDidEndEditing(_ textView: UITextView) {
        if textView.text.isEmpty {
            textView.text = "Placeholder"
            textView.textColor = UIColor.lightGray
        }
    }
}

首先，当用户开始编辑textViewDidBeginEditing调用，然后检查文本的颜色是否为灰色表示用户未写任何东西时，将其设置为textview nil并更改颜色为黑色以供用户发短信。

当调用用户端编辑textViewDidEndEditing并检查用户是否未在textview中编写任何内容时，则将文本设置为灰色，并带有文本“ PlaceHolder”

#13 楼

一个对我有用的简单快速的解决方案是：

@IBDesignable
class PlaceHolderTextView: UITextView {

    @IBInspectable var placeholder: String = "" {
         didSet{
             updatePlaceHolder()
        }
    }

    @IBInspectable var placeholderColor: UIColor = UIColor.gray {
        didSet {
            updatePlaceHolder()
        }
    }

    private var originalTextColor = UIColor.darkText
    private var originalText: String = ""

    private func updatePlaceHolder() {

        if self.text == "" || self.text == placeholder  {

            self.text = placeholder
            self.textColor = placeholderColor
            if let color = self.textColor {

                self.originalTextColor = color
            }
            self.originalText = ""
        } else {
            self.textColor = self.originalTextColor
            self.originalText = self.text
        }

    }

    override func becomeFirstResponder() -> Bool {
        let result = super.becomeFirstResponder()
        self.text = self.originalText
        self.textColor = self.originalTextColor
        return result
    }
    override func resignFirstResponder() -> Bool {
        let result = super.resignFirstResponder()
        updatePlaceHolder()

        return result
    }
}

#14 楼

这是我解决此问题的方法（Swift 4）：

我们的想法是提供最简单的解决方案，该解决方案允许使用不同颜色的占位符，将其大小调整为占位符的大小，同时不会覆盖delegate保持所有UITextView功能正常运行。

import UIKit

class PlaceholderTextView: UITextView {
    var placeholderColor: UIColor = .lightGray
    var defaultTextColor: UIColor = .black

    private var isShowingPlaceholder = false {
        didSet {
            if isShowingPlaceholder {
                text = placeholder
                textColor = placeholderColor
            } else {
                textColor = defaultTextColor
            }
        }
    }

    var placeholder: String? {
        didSet {
            isShowingPlaceholder = !hasText
        }
    }

    @objc private func textViewDidBeginEditing(notification: Notification) {
        textColor = defaultTextColor
        if isShowingPlaceholder { text = nil }
    }

    @objc private func textViewDidEndEditing(notification: Notification) {
        isShowingPlaceholder = !hasText
    }

    // MARK: - Construction -
    override init(frame: CGRect, textContainer: NSTextContainer?) {
        super.init(frame: frame, textContainer: textContainer)
        setup()
    }

    required init?(coder aDecoder: NSCoder) {
        super.init(coder: aDecoder)
        setup()
    }

    private func setup() {
        NotificationCenter.default.addObserver(self, selector: #selector(textViewDidBeginEditing(notification:)), name: UITextView.textDidBeginEditingNotification, object: nil)
        NotificationCenter.default.addObserver(self, selector: #selector(textViewDidEndEditing(notification:)), name: UITextView.textDidEndEditingNotification, object: nil)
    }

    // MARK: - Destruction -
    deinit { NotificationCenter.default.removeObserver(self) }
}

#15 楼

Swift Answer
这是定制占位符的动画类。

class CustomTextView: UITextView {
    
    //   MARK: - public
    
    public var placeHolderText: String? = "Enter Reason.."
    
    public lazy var placeHolderLabel: UILabel! = {
        let placeHolderLabel = UILabel(frame: .zero)
        placeHolderLabel.numberOfLines = 0
        placeHolderLabel.backgroundColor = .clear
        placeHolderLabel.alpha = 0.5
        return placeHolderLabel
    }()
    
    //   MARK: - Init
    
    override init(frame: CGRect, textContainer: NSTextContainer?) {
        super.init(frame: frame, textContainer: textContainer)
        enableNotifications()
    }
    
    required init?(coder aDecoder: NSCoder) {
        super.init(coder: aDecoder)
        enableNotifications()
    }
    
    func setup() {
        placeHolderLabel.frame = CGRect(x: 8, y: 8, width: self.bounds.size.width - 16, height: 15)
        placeHolderLabel.sizeToFit()
    }
    
    //   MARK: - Cycle
    
    override func awakeFromNib() {
        super.awakeFromNib()
        
        textContainerInset = UIEdgeInsets(top: 8, left: 5, bottom: 8, right: 8)
        returnKeyType = .done
        addSubview(placeHolderLabel)
        placeHolderLabel.frame = CGRect(x: 8, y: 8, width: self.bounds.size.width - 16, height: 15)
        placeHolderLabel.textColor = textColor
        placeHolderLabel.font = font
        placeHolderLabel.text = placeHolderText
        bringSubviewToFront(placeHolderLabel)
    }
    
    override func layoutSubviews() {
        super.layoutSubviews()
        setup()
    }
    
    //   MARK: - Notifications
    
    private func enableNotifications() {
        NotificationCenter.default.addObserver(self, selector: #selector(textDidChangeNotification(_:)), name: UITextView.textDidChangeNotification , object: nil)
    }
    
    @objc func textDidChangeNotification(_ notify: Notification) {
        guard self == notify.object as? UITextView else { return }
        guard placeHolderText != nil else { return }
        
        UIView.animate(withDuration: 0.25, animations: {
            self.placeHolderLabel.alpha = (self.text.count == 0) ? 0.5 : 0
        }, completion: nil)
    }
    
}

#16 楼

我不知道为什么人们会过多地使这个问题复杂化……。这非常简单明了。这是UITextView的子类，提供所需的功能。

- (void)customInit
{
    self.contentMode = UIViewContentModeRedraw;
    [[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter] addObserver:self selector:@selector(textChanged:) name:UITextViewTextDidChangeNotification object:nil];
}

    - (void)textChanged:(NSNotification *)notification
    {
        if (notification.object == self) {
            if(self.textStorage.length != 0 || !self.textStorage.length) {
                [self setNeedsDisplay];
            }
        }
    }


    #pragma mark - Setters

    - (void)setPlaceholderText:(NSString *)placeholderText withFont:(UIFont *)font
    {
        self.placeholderText = placeholderText;
        self.placeholderTextFont = font;

    }



    - (void)drawRect:(CGRect)rect
    {
        [super drawRect:rect];
        [[UIColor lightGrayColor] setFill];

        if (self.textStorage.length != 0) {
            return;
        }

        CGRect inset = CGRectInset(rect, 8, 8);//Default rect insets for textView
        NSDictionary *attributes =  @{NSFontAttributeName: self.placeholderTextFont, NSForegroundColorAttributeName: [UIColor grayColor]};
        [self.placeholderText drawInRect:inset withAttributes:attributes];
    }`

#17 楼

如果您正在使用多个文本视图，这是我准备使用的解决方案

func textViewShouldBeginEditing(textView: UITextView) -> Bool {        
    // Set cursor to the beginning if placeholder is set
    if textView.textColor == UIColor.lightGrayColor() {
        textView.selectedTextRange = textView.textRangeFromPosition(textView.beginningOfDocument, toPosition: textView.beginningOfDocument)
    }

    return true
}

func textView(textView: UITextView, shouldChangeTextInRange range: NSRange, replacementText text: String) -> Bool {
    // Remove placeholder
    if textView.textColor == UIColor.lightGrayColor() && text.characters.count > 0 {
        textView.text = ""
        textView.textColor = UIColor.blackColor()
    }

    if text == "\n" {
        textView.resignFirstResponder()
        return false
    }

    return true
}

func textViewDidChange(textView: UITextView) {
    // Set placeholder if text is empty
    if textView.text.isEmpty {
        textView.text = NSLocalizedString("Hint", comment: "hint")
        textView.textColor = UIColor.lightGrayColor()
        textView.selectedTextRange = textView.textRangeFromPosition(textView.beginningOfDocument, toPosition: textView.beginningOfDocument)
    }
}

func textViewDidChangeSelection(textView: UITextView) {
    // Set cursor to the beginning if placeholder is set
    let firstPosition = textView.textRangeFromPosition(textView.beginningOfDocument, toPosition: textView.beginningOfDocument)

    // Do not change position recursively
    if textView.textColor == UIColor.lightGrayColor() && textView.selectedTextRange != firstPosition {
        textView.selectedTextRange = firstPosition
    }
}

#18 楼

Swift 3.1

此扩展名对我有效：https://github.com/devxoul/UITextView-Placeholder

这是一个代码段： />通过pod安装：

pod 'UITextView+Placeholder', '~> 1.2'

将其导入您的课程

import UITextView_Placeholder

并添加placeholder属性到已经创建的UITextView

textView.placeholder = "Put some detail"

就这样...
它的外观（第三盒是UITextView） >

#19 楼

Swift：

添加您的TextView @IBOutlet：

@IBOutlet weak var txtViewMessage: UITextView!

在viewWillAppear方法中，添加以下内容：

override func viewWillAppear(_ animated: Bool)
{
    super.viewWillAppear(animated)

    txtViewMessage.delegate = self    // Give TextViewMessage delegate Method

    txtViewMessage.text = "Place Holder Name"
    txtViewMessage.textColor = UIColor.lightGray

}

请添加Delegate使用扩展名（UITextViewDelegate）：

// MARK: - UITextViewDelegate
extension ViewController: UITextViewDelegate
{

    func textViewDidBeginEditing(_ textView: UITextView)
    {

        if !txtViewMessage.text!.isEmpty && txtViewMessage.text! == "Place Holder Name"
        {
            txtViewMessage.text = ""
            txtViewMessage.textColor = UIColor.black
        }
    }

    func textViewDidEndEditing(_ textView: UITextView)
    {

        if txtViewMessage.text.isEmpty
        {
            txtViewMessage.text = "Place Holder Name"
            txtViewMessage.textColor = UIColor.lightGray
        }
    }
}

#20 楼

与本文上的每个答案相反，UITextView确实具有占位符属性。出于超出我的理解范围的原因，它仅在IB中公开，如下所示：在检查员上。

您还可以在这样的代码中设置此属性：属性已公开。

我没有尝试使用此方法提交。但是我很快就会以这种方式提交，并将相应地更新此答案。 >
更新：
这仅适用于Xcode 11.2以下版本

#21 楼

Swift 5.2

独立类

如果您想要一个可以在任何地方使用的类，请使用此类，因为它是独立的

import UIKit
class PlaceHolderTextView:UITextView, UITextViewDelegate{
var placeholderText = "placeholderText"

override func willMove(toSuperview newSuperview: UIView?) {
    textColor = .lightText
    delegate = self
}

func textViewDidBeginEditing(_ textView: UITextView) {
    if textView.text == placeholderText{
        placeholderText = textView.text
        textView.text = ""
        textView.textColor = .darkText
    }
}

func textViewDidEndEditing(_ textView: UITextView) {
    if textView.text == ""{
        textView.text = placeholderText
        textColor = .lightText
    }
}    
}

这里的关键是willMove(toSuperView:)函数，因为它允许您在将视图添加到另一个视图的层次结构之前对其进行设置（类似于ViewControllers中的viewDidLoad / viewWillAppear）

#22 楼

无需添加任何第三方库。只需使用下面的代码...

class SubmitReviewVC : UIViewController, UITextViewDelegate {

@IBOutlet var txtMessage : UITextView!
var lblPlaceHolder : UILabel!

override func viewDidLoad() {
    super.viewDidLoad()

    txtMessage.delegate = self
    lblPlaceHolder = UILabel()
    lblPlaceHolder.text = "Enter message..."
    lblPlaceHolder.font = UIFont.systemFont(ofSize: txtMessage.font!.pointSize)
    lblPlaceHolder.sizeToFit()
    txtMessage.addSubview(lblPlaceHolder)
    lblPlaceHolder.frame.origin = CGPoint(x: 5, y: (txtMessage.font?.pointSize)! / 2)
    lblPlaceHolder.textColor = UIColor.lightGray
    lblPlaceHolder.isHidden = !txtMessage.text.isEmpty
}

func textViewDidChange(_ textView: UITextView) {
    lblPlaceHolder.isHidden = !textView.text.isEmpty
}

#23 楼

ios中没有此类属性可直接在TextView中添加占位符，而是可以添加标签并在textView中的更改上显示/隐藏。 SWIFT 2.0并确保实现textviewdelegate

func textViewDidChange(TextView: UITextView)
{

 if  txtShortDescription.text == ""
    {
        self.lblShortDescription.hidden = false
    }
    else
    {
        self.lblShortDescription.hidden = true
    }

}

#24 楼

Swift-我编写了一个继承UITextView的类，并添加了UILabel作为子视图以充当占位符。

  import UIKit
  @IBDesignable
  class HintedTextView: UITextView {

      @IBInspectable var hintText: String = "hintText" {
          didSet{
              hintLabel.text = hintText
          }
      }

      private lazy var hintLabel: UILabel = {
          let label = UILabel()
          label.font = UIFont.systemFontOfSize(16)
          label.textColor = UIColor.lightGrayColor()
          label.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = false
          return label
      }()


      override init(frame: CGRect, textContainer: NSTextContainer?) {
          super.init(frame: frame, textContainer: textContainer)
          setupView()
      }

      required init?(coder aDecoder: NSCoder) {
         super.init(coder: aDecoder)
         setupView()
      }

      override func prepareForInterfaceBuilder() {
         super.prepareForInterfaceBuilder()
         setupView()
      }

      private func setupView() {

        translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = false
        delegate = self
        font = UIFont.systemFontOfSize(16)

        addSubview(hintLabel)

        NSLayoutConstraint.activateConstraints([

           hintLabel.leftAnchor.constraintEqualToAnchor(leftAnchor, constant: 4),
           hintLabel.rightAnchor.constraintEqualToAnchor(rightAnchor, constant: 8),
           hintLabel.topAnchor.constraintEqualToAnchor(topAnchor, constant: 4),
           hintLabel.heightAnchor.constraintEqualToConstant(30)
         ])
        }

      override func layoutSubviews() {
        super.layoutSubviews()
        setupView()
     }

}

#25 楼

我喜欢@nerdist的解决方案。基于此，我创建了对UITextView的扩展：例如，在ViewController类中，这是我的使用方法：

import Foundation
import UIKit

extension UITextView
{
  private func add(_ placeholder: UILabel) {
    for view in self.subviews {
        if let lbl = view as? UILabel  {
            if lbl.text == placeholder.text {
                lbl.removeFromSuperview()
            }
        }
    }
    self.addSubview(placeholder)
  }

  func addPlaceholder(_ placeholder: UILabel?) {
    if let ph = placeholder {
      ph.numberOfLines = 0  // support for multiple lines
      ph.font = UIFont.italicSystemFont(ofSize: (self.font?.pointSize)!)
      ph.sizeToFit()
      self.add(ph)
      ph.frame.origin = CGPoint(x: 5, y: (self.font?.pointSize)! / 2)
      ph.textColor = UIColor(white: 0, alpha: 0.3)
      updateVisibility(ph)
    }
  }

  func updateVisibility(_ placeHolder: UILabel?) {
    if let ph = placeHolder {
      ph.isHidden = !self.text.isEmpty
    }
  }
}

UITextview上的占位符！



更新：

如果在代码中更改textview的文本，记得调用updateVisibitly方法来隐藏占位符：

class MyViewController: UIViewController, UITextViewDelegate {
  private var notePlaceholder: UILabel!
  @IBOutlet weak var txtNote: UITextView!
  ...
  // UIViewController
  override func viewDidLoad() {
    notePlaceholder = UILabel()
    notePlaceholder.text = "title\nsubtitle\nmore..."
    txtNote.addPlaceholder(notePlaceholder)
    ...
  }

  // UITextViewDelegate
  func textViewDidChange(_ textView: UITextView) {
    txtNote.updateVisbility(notePlaceholder)
    ...
  }

为防止多次添加占位符，在add()中添加了一个私有的extension函数。

#26 楼

在swift2.2中：

public class CustomTextView: UITextView {

private struct Constants {
    static let defaultiOSPlaceholderColor = UIColor(red: 0.0, green: 0.0, blue: 0.0980392, alpha: 0.22)
}
private let placeholderLabel: UILabel = UILabel()

private var placeholderLabelConstraints = [NSLayoutConstraint]()

@IBInspectable public var placeholder: String = "" {
    didSet {
        placeholderLabel.text = placeholder
    }
}

@IBInspectable public var placeholderColor: UIColor = CustomTextView.Constants.defaultiOSPlaceholderColor {
    didSet {
        placeholderLabel.textColor = placeholderColor
    }
}

override public var font: UIFont! {
    didSet {
        placeholderLabel.font = font
    }
}

override public var textAlignment: NSTextAlignment {
    didSet {
        placeholderLabel.textAlignment = textAlignment
    }
}

override public var text: String! {
    didSet {
        textDidChange()
    }
}

override public var attributedText: NSAttributedString! {
    didSet {
        textDidChange()
    }
}

override public var textContainerInset: UIEdgeInsets {
    didSet {
        updateConstraintsForPlaceholderLabel()
    }
}

override public init(frame: CGRect, textContainer: NSTextContainer?) {
    super.init(frame: frame, textContainer: textContainer)
    commonInit()
}

required public init?(coder aDecoder: NSCoder) {
    super.init(coder: aDecoder)
    commonInit()
}

private func commonInit() {
    NSNotificationCenter.defaultCenter().addObserver(self,
                                                     selector: #selector(textDidChange),
                                                     name: UITextViewTextDidChangeNotification,
                                                     object: nil)

    placeholderLabel.font = font
    placeholderLabel.textColor = placeholderColor
    placeholderLabel.textAlignment = textAlignment
    placeholderLabel.text = placeholder
    placeholderLabel.numberOfLines = 0
    placeholderLabel.backgroundColor = UIColor.clearColor()
    placeholderLabel.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = false
    addSubview(placeholderLabel)
    updateConstraintsForPlaceholderLabel()
}

private func updateConstraintsForPlaceholderLabel() {
    var newConstraints = NSLayoutConstraint.constraintsWithVisualFormat("H:|-(\(textContainerInset.left + textContainer.lineFragmentPadding))-[placeholder]",
                                                                        options: [],
                                                                        metrics: nil,
                                                                        views: ["placeholder": placeholderLabel])
    newConstraints += NSLayoutConstraint.constraintsWithVisualFormat("V:|-(\(textContainerInset.top))-[placeholder]",
                                                                     options: [],
                                                                     metrics: nil,
                                                                     views: ["placeholder": placeholderLabel])
    newConstraints.append(NSLayoutConstraint(
        item: placeholderLabel,
        attribute: .Width,
        relatedBy: .Equal,
        toItem: self,
        attribute: .Width,
        multiplier: 1.0,
        constant: -(textContainerInset.left + textContainerInset.right + textContainer.lineFragmentPadding * 2.0)
        ))
    removeConstraints(placeholderLabelConstraints)
    addConstraints(newConstraints)
    placeholderLabelConstraints = newConstraints
}

@objc private func textDidChange() {
    placeholderLabel.hidden = !text.isEmpty
}

public override func layoutSubviews() {
    super.layoutSubviews()
    placeholderLabel.preferredMaxLayoutWidth = textContainer.size.width - textContainer.lineFragmentPadding * 2.0
}

deinit {
    NSNotificationCenter.defaultCenter().removeObserver(self,
                                                        name: UITextViewTextDidChangeNotification,
                                                        object: nil)
}

}

在swift3中：

import UIKit

类CustomTextView：UITextView {

private struct Constants {
    static let defaultiOSPlaceholderColor = UIColor(red: 0.0, green: 0.0, blue: 0.0980392, alpha: 0.22)
}
private let placeholderLabel: UILabel = UILabel()

private var placeholderLabelConstraints = [NSLayoutConstraint]()

@IBInspectable public var placeholder: String = "" {
    didSet {
        placeholderLabel.text = placeholder
    }
}

@IBInspectable public var placeholderColor: UIColor = CustomTextView.Constants.defaultiOSPlaceholderColor {
    didSet {
        placeholderLabel.textColor = placeholderColor
    }
}

override public var font: UIFont! {
    didSet {
        placeholderLabel.font = font
    }
}

override public var textAlignment: NSTextAlignment {
    didSet {
        placeholderLabel.textAlignment = textAlignment
    }
}

override public var text: String! {
    didSet {
        textDidChange()
    }
}

override public var attributedText: NSAttributedString! {
    didSet {
        textDidChange()
    }
}

override public var textContainerInset: UIEdgeInsets {
    didSet {
        updateConstraintsForPlaceholderLabel()
    }
}

override public init(frame: CGRect, textContainer: NSTextContainer?) {
    super.init(frame: frame, textContainer: textContainer)
    commonInit()
}

required public init?(coder aDecoder: NSCoder) {
    super.init(coder: aDecoder)
    commonInit()
}

private func commonInit() {
    NotificationCenter.default.addObserver(self,
                                                     selector: #selector(textDidChange),
                                                     name: NSNotification.Name.UITextViewTextDidChange,
                                                     object: nil)

    placeholderLabel.font = font
    placeholderLabel.textColor = placeholderColor
    placeholderLabel.textAlignment = textAlignment
    placeholderLabel.text = placeholder
    placeholderLabel.numberOfLines = 0
    placeholderLabel.backgroundColor = UIColor.clear
    placeholderLabel.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = false
    addSubview(placeholderLabel)
    updateConstraintsForPlaceholderLabel()
}

private func updateConstraintsForPlaceholderLabel() {
    var newConstraints = NSLayoutConstraint.constraints(withVisualFormat: "H:|-(\(textContainerInset.left + textContainer.lineFragmentPadding))-[placeholder]",
        options: [],
        metrics: nil,
        views: ["placeholder": placeholderLabel])
    newConstraints += NSLayoutConstraint.constraints(withVisualFormat: "V:|-(\(textContainerInset.top))-[placeholder]",
        options: [],
        metrics: nil,
        views: ["placeholder": placeholderLabel])
    newConstraints.append(NSLayoutConstraint(
        item: placeholderLabel,
        attribute: .width,
        relatedBy: .equal,
        toItem: self,
        attribute: .width,
        multiplier: 1.0,
        constant: -(textContainerInset.left + textContainerInset.right + textContainer.lineFragmentPadding * 2.0)
    ))
    removeConstraints(placeholderLabelConstraints)
    addConstraints(newConstraints)
    placeholderLabelConstraints = newConstraints
}

@objc private func textDidChange() {
    placeholderLabel.isHidden = !text.isEmpty
}

public override func layoutSubviews() {
    super.layoutSubviews()
    placeholderLabel.preferredMaxLayoutWidth = textContainer.size.width - textContainer.lineFragmentPadding * 2.0
}

deinit {
    NotificationCenter.default.removeObserver(self,
                                                        name: NSNotification.Name.UITextViewTextDidChange,
                                                        object: nil)
}

}

我迅速编写了一个类。您需要在需要时导入此类。

#27 楼

由于声誉，我无法添加评论。在@clearlight答案中再添加一个委托需要。

func textViewDidBeginEditing(_ textView: UITextView) { 
        cell.placeholderLabel.isHidden = !textView.text.isEmpty
}

是需要的

，因为第一次不调用textViewDidChange

#28 楼

不，没有任何占位符可用于textview。您必须在用户进入文本视图时在其上方放置标签，然后将其隐藏或在用户输入时将其默认设置为删除所有值。

#29 楼

 func setPlaceholder(){
var placeholderLabel = UILabel()
        placeholderLabel.text = "Describe your need..."
        placeholderLabel.font = UIFont.init(name: "Lato-Regular", size: 15.0) ?? UIFont.boldSystemFont(ofSize: 14.0)
        placeholderLabel.sizeToFit()
        descriptionTextView.addSubview(placeholderLabel)
        placeholderLabel.frame.origin = CGPoint(x: 5, y: (descriptionTextView.font?.pointSize)! / 2)
        placeholderLabel.textColor = UIColor.lightGray
        placeholderLabel.isHidden = !descriptionTextView.text.isEmpty
}



//Delegate Method.

func textViewDidChange(_ textView: UITextView) {
        placeholderLabel.isHidden = !textView.text.isEmpty
    }
	 

#30 楼

编辑完成后，我不得不分派队列以使我的占位符文本重新出现。