将目录添加到$ PATH（如果尚不存在）

#1 楼

pathadd() {
    if [ -d "" ] && [[ ":$PATH:" != *"::"* ]]; then
        PATH="${PATH:+"$PATH:"}"
    fi
}

#2 楼

pathappend() {
  for ARG in "$@"
  do
    if [ -d "$ARG" ] && [[ ":$PATH:" != *":$ARG:"* ]]; then
        PATH="${PATH:+"$PATH:"}$ARG"
    fi
  done
}

pathprepend() {
  for ((i=$#; i>0; i--)); 
  do
    ARG=${!i}
    if [ -d "$ARG" ] && [[ ":$PATH:" != *":$ARG:"* ]]; then
        PATH="$ARG${PATH:+":$PATH"}"
    fi
  done
}

#3 楼

add_to_path ()
{
    if [[ "$PATH" =~ (^|:)""(:|$) ]]
    then
        return 0
    fi
    export PATH=:$PATH
}

#4 楼

pathadd() {
    if [ -d "" ] && [[ ! $PATH =~ (^|:)(:|$) ]]; then
        PATH+=:
    fi
}

#5 楼

idempotent_path_prepend ()
{
    PATH=${PATH//":"/} #delete any instances in the middle or at the end
    PATH=${PATH//":"/} #delete any instances at the beginning
    export PATH=":$PATH" #prepend to beginning
}

#6 楼

pathmunge () {
        if ! echo $PATH | /bin/egrep -q "(^|:)($|:)" ; then
           if [ "" = "after" ] ; then
              PATH=$PATH:
           else
              PATH=:$PATH
           fi
        fi
}

$ echo $PATH
/bin/:/usr/local/bin/:/usr/bin
$ pathmunge /bin/
$ echo $PATH
/bin/:/usr/local/bin/:/usr/bin
$ pathmunge /sbin/ after
$ echo $PATH
/bin/:/usr/local/bin/:/usr/bin:/sbin/

#7 楼

function pathadd {
    PATH=:$PATH
    PATH=${PATH//:/}
}

#8 楼

path_prepend() {
    if [ -d "" ]; then
        PATH=${PATH//"::"/:} #delete all instances in the middle
        PATH=${PATH/%":"/} #delete any instance at the end
        PATH=${PATH/#":"/} #delete any instance at the beginning
        PATH="${PATH:+":$PATH"}" #prepend  or if $PATH is empty set to 
    fi
}

#9 楼

alias checkInPath="echo $PATH | tr ':' '\n' | grep -x -c "

$ checkInPath "/usr/local"
1
$ checkInPath "/usr/local/sbin"
1
$ checkInPath "/usr/local/sbin2"
0
$ checkInPath "/usr/local/" > /dev/null && echo "Yes" || echo "No"
No
$ checkInPath "/usr/local/bin" > /dev/null && echo "Yes" || echo "No"
Yes
$ checkInPath "/usr/local/sbin" > /dev/null && echo "Yes" || echo "No"
Yes
$ checkInPath "/usr/local/sbin2" > /dev/null && echo "Yes" || echo "No"
No

#10 楼

#11 楼

if [[ ":$PATH:" != *":/new-directory:"* ]]; then PATH=${PATH}:/new-directory; fi

#12 楼

add_to_path ()
{
    path_list=`echo $PATH | tr ':' ' '`
    new_dir=
    for d in $path_list
    do
        if [ $d == $new_dir ]
        then
            return 0
        fi
    done
    export PATH=$new_dir:$PATH
}

add_to_path /usr/local/mysql/bin

add_to_path ()
{
    new_dir=
    local IFS=:
    for d in $PATH
    do
        if [[ "$d" == "$new_dir" ]]
        then
            return 0
        fi
    done
    export PATH=$new_dir:$PATH
}

#13 楼

pathappend() {
  for ARG in "$@"
  do
    if [ -d "$ARG" ] && [[ ":$PATH:" != *":$ARG:"* ]]; then
        PATH="${PATH:+"$PATH:"}$ARG"
    fi
  done
}

pathappend() {
    for ARG in "$@"
    do
        if [ -d "$ARG" ] && [[ ":$PATH:" != *":$ARG:"* ]]
        then
            if ARGA=$(readlink -f "$ARG")               #notice me
            then
                if [ -d "$ARGA" ] && [[ ":$PATH:" != *":$ARGA:"* ]]
                then
                    PATH="${PATH:+"$PATH:"}$ARGA"
                fi
            else
                PATH="${PATH:+"$PATH:"}$ARG"
            fi
        fi
    done
}

$ cd /path/to/my/bin/dir
$ pathappend .
$ echo "$PATH"
<your_old_path>:/path/to/my/bin/dir

$ ls -ld /usr/lib/perl/5.14
-rwxrwxrwx  1   root   root    Sep  3  2015 /usr/lib/perl/5.14 -> 5.14.2
$ readlink /usr/lib/perl/5.14
5.14.2
$ readlink -f /usr/lib/perl/5.14
/usr/lib/perl/5.14.2

$ pathappend /usr/local/nysql/bin
$ mysql
-bash: mysql: command not found

pathappend() {
    for ARG in "$@"
    do
        if [ -d "$ARG" ]
        then
            if [[ ":$PATH:" != *":$ARG:"* ]]
            then
                if ARGA=$(readlink -f "$ARG")           #notice me
                then
                    if [[ ":$PATH:" != *":$ARGA:"* ]]
                    then
                        PATH="${PATH:+"$PATH:"}$ARGA"
                    fi
                else
                    PATH="${PATH:+"$PATH:"}$ARG"
                fi
            fi
        else
            printf "Error: %s is not a directory.\n" "$ARG" >&2
        fi
    done
}

#14 楼

function __path_add(){  
if [ -d "" ] ; then  
    local D=":${PATH}:";   
    [ "${D/::/:}" == "$D" ] && PATH="$PATH:";  
    PATH="${PATH/#:/}";  
    export PATH="${PATH/%:/}";  
fi  
}  

#15 楼

#16 楼

appendPaths() { # append a group of paths together, leaving out redundancies
    # use as: export PATH="$(appendPaths "$PATH" "dir1" "dir2")
    # start at the end:
    #  - join all arguments with :,
    #  - split the result on :,
    #  - pick out non-empty elements which haven't been seen and which are directories,
    #  - join with :,
    #  - print
    perl -le 'print join ":", grep /\w/ && !$seen{$_}++ && -d $_, split ":", join ":", @ARGV;' "$@"
}

addToPath() { 
    # inspired by Gordon Davisson, http://superuser.com/a/39995/208059
    # call as: addToPath dir1 dir2
    while (( "$#" > 0 )); do
    echo "Adding  to PATH."
    if [[ ! -d "" ]]; then
        echo " is not a directory.";
    elif [[ ":$PATH:" == *"::"* ]]; then
        echo " is already in the path."
    else
            export PATH="${PATH:+"$PATH:"}" # ${x:-defaultIfEmpty} ${x:+valueIfNotEmpty}
    fi
    shift
    done
}

#17 楼

padd() {
  current=`pwd`
  p=${1:-$current}
  if [ -d "$p" ] && [[ ":$PATH:" != *":$p:"* ]]; then
      PATH="$p:$PATH"
  fi
}

#18 楼

if [ "$MYPATHS" != "true" ]; then
    export MYPATHS="true"
    export PATH="$PATH:$HOME/bin:"

    # java stuff
    export JAVA_HOME="$(/usr/libexec/java_home)"
    export M2_HOME="$HOME/Applications/apache-maven-3.3.9"
    export PATH="$JAVA_HOME/bin:$M2_HOME/bin:$PATH"

    # etc...
fi

#19 楼

PATH=path2; add_to_PATH after path1 path2:path3
echo $PATH
path2:path1:path3

PATH=path2; add_to_PATH before path1 path2:path3
echo $PATH
path1:path3:path2

# Add directories to $PATH iff they're not already there
# Append directories to $PATH by default
# Based on https://unix.stackexchange.com/a/4973/143394
# and https://unix.stackexchange.com/a/217629/143394
add_to_PATH () {
  local prepend  # Prepend to path if set
  local prefix   # Temporary prepended path
  local IFS      # Avoid restoring for added laziness

  case  in
    after)  shift;; # Default is to append
    before) prepend=true; shift;;
  esac

  for arg; do
    IFS=: # Split argument by path separator
    for dir in $arg; do
      # Canonicalise symbolic links
      dir=$({ cd -- "$dir" && { pwd -P || pwd; } } 2>/dev/null)
      if [ -z "$dir" ]; then continue; fi  # Skip non-existent directory
      case ":$PATH:" in
        *":$dir:"*) :;; # skip - already present
        *) if [ "$prepend" ]; then
           # ${prefix:+$prefix:} will expand to "" if $prefix is empty to avoid
           # starting with a ":".  Expansion is "$prefix:" if non-empty.
            prefix=${prefix+$prefix:}$dir
          else
            PATH=$PATH:$dir  # Append by default
          fi;;
      esac
    done
  done
  [ "$prepend" ] && PATH=$prefix:$PATH
}

#20 楼

# USAGE: path_add [include|prepend|append] "dir1" "dir2" ...
#   prepend: add/move to beginning
#   append:  add/move to end
#   include: add to end of PATH if not already included [default]
#          that is, don't change position if already in PATH
# RETURNS:
# prepend:  dir2:dir1:OLD_PATH
# append:   OLD_PATH:dir1:dir2
# If called with no paramters, returns PATH with duplicate directories removed
path_add() {
    # use subshell to create "local" variables
    PATH="$(path_unique)"
    export PATH="$(path_add_do "$@")"
}

path_add_do() {
    case "" in
    'include'|'prepend'|'append') action=""; shift ;;
    *)                            action='include'   ;;
    esac

    path=":$PATH:" # pad to ensure full path is matched later

    for dir in "$@"; do
        #       [ -d "$dir" ] || continue # skip non-directory params

        left="${path%:$dir:*}" # remove last occurrence to end

        if [ "$path" = "$left" ]; then
            # PATH doesn't contain $dir
            [ "$action" = 'include' ] && action='append'
            right=''
        else
            right=":${path#$left:$dir:}" # remove start to last occurrence
        fi

        # construct path with $dir added
        case "$action" in
            'prepend') path=":$dir$left$right" ;;
            'append')  path="$left$right$dir:" ;;
        esac
    done

    # strip ':' pads
    path="${path#:}"
    path="${path%:}"

    # return
    printf '%s' "$path"
}

# USAGE: path_unique [path]
# path - a colon delimited list. Defaults to $PATH is not specified.
# RETURNS: `path` with duplicated directories removed
path_unique() {
    in_path=${1:-$PATH}
    path=':'

    # Wrap the while loop in '{}' to be able to access the updated `path variable
    # as the `while` loop is run in a subshell due to the piping to it.
    # https://stackoverflow.com/questions/4667509/shell-variables-set-inside-while-loop-not-visible-outside-of-it
    printf '%s\n' "$in_path" \
    | /bin/tr -s ':' '\n'    \
    | {
            while read -r dir; do
                left="${path%:$dir:*}" # remove last occurrence to end
                if [ "$path" = "$left" ]; then
                    # PATH doesn't contain $dir
                    path="$path$dir:"
                fi
            done
            # strip ':' pads
            path="${path#:}"
            path="${path%:}"
            # return
            printf '%s\n' "$path"
        }
}