与varchar（255）相比，使用varchar（5000）会不好吗？

#1 楼

-- create three tables with different column sizes
CREATE TABLE dbo.t1(a nvarchar(32),   b nvarchar(32),   c nvarchar(32),   d nvarchar(32));
CREATE TABLE dbo.t2(a nvarchar(4000), b nvarchar(4000), c nvarchar(4000), d nvarchar(4000));
CREATE TABLE dbo.t3(a nvarchar(max),  b nvarchar(max),  c nvarchar(max),  d nvarchar(max));
GO -- that's important

-- Method of sample data pop : irrelevant and unimportant.
INSERT dbo.t1(a,b,c,d)
  SELECT TOP (5000) LEFT(name,1), RIGHT(name,1), ABS(column_id/10), ABS(column_id%10)
  FROM sys.all_columns ORDER BY object_id;
GO 100
INSERT dbo.t2(a,b,c,d) SELECT a,b,c,d FROM dbo.t1;
INSERT dbo.t3(a,b,c,d) SELECT a,b,c,d FROM dbo.t1;
GO

-- no "primed the cache in advance" tricks
DBCC FREEPROCCACHE WITH NO_INFOMSGS;
DBCC DROPCLEANBUFFERS WITH NO_INFOMSGS;
GO

-- Redundancy in query doesn't matter! Just has to create need for sorts etc.
GO
SELECT DISTINCT a,b,c,d, DENSE_RANK() OVER (PARTITION BY b,c ORDER BY d DESC)
FROM dbo.t1 GROUP BY a,b,c,d ORDER BY c,a DESC;
GO
SELECT DISTINCT a,b,c,d, DENSE_RANK() OVER (PARTITION BY b,c ORDER BY d DESC)
FROM dbo.t2 GROUP BY a,b,c,d ORDER BY c,a DESC;
GO
SELECT DISTINCT a,b,c,d, DENSE_RANK() OVER (PARTITION BY b,c ORDER BY d DESC)
FROM dbo.t3 GROUP BY a,b,c,d ORDER BY c,a DESC;
GO

SELECT [table] = N'...' + SUBSTRING(t.[text], CHARINDEX(N'FROM ', t.[text]), 12) + N'...', 
s.last_dop, s.last_elapsed_time, s.last_grant_kb, s.max_ideal_grant_kb
FROM sys.dm_exec_query_stats AS s CROSS APPLY sys.dm_exec_sql_text(s.sql_handle) AS t
WHERE t.[text] LIKE N'%dbo.'+N't[1-3]%' ORDER BY t.[text];