使用shell检测init系统

#1 楼

#2 楼

[[ `/sbin/init --version` =~ upstart ]] && echo yes || echo no

[[ `systemctl` =~ -\.mount ]] && echo yes || echo no

[[ -f /etc/init.d/cron && ! -h /etc/init.d/cron ]] && echo yes

if [[ `/sbin/init --version` =~ upstart ]]; then echo using upstart;
elif [[ `systemctl` =~ -\.mount ]]; then echo using systemd;
elif [[ -f /etc/init.d/cron && ! -h /etc/init.d/cron ]]; then echo using sysv-init;
else echo cannot tell; fi

#3 楼

$ ps -eaf|grep '[u]pstart'
root       492     1  0 Jan02 ?        00:00:00 upstart-udev-bridge --daemon
root      1027     1  0 Jan02 ?        00:00:00 upstart-socket-bridge --daemon

$ ps -eaf|grep '[s]ystemd'
root         1     0  0 07:27 ?        00:00:03 /usr/lib/systemd/systemd --switched-root --system --deserialize 20
root       343     1  0 07:28 ?        00:00:03 /usr/lib/systemd/systemd-journald
root       367     1  0 07:28 ?        00:00:00 /usr/lib/systemd/systemd-udevd
root       607     1  0 07:28 ?        00:00:00 /usr/lib/systemd/systemd-logind
dbus       615     1  0 07:28 ?        00:00:13 /bin/dbus-daemon --system --address=systemd: --nofork --nopidfile --systemd-activation

UID        PID  PPID  C STIME TTY          TIME CMD
root         1     0  0 07:27 ?        00:00:03 /usr/lib/systemd/systemd --switched-root --system --deserialize 20

$ ps -efa|grep init
root         1     0  0 Jan02 ?        00:00:03 /sbin/init

$ (ps -eo "ppid,args" 2>/dev/null || echo "ps call error") \
    | awk 'NR==1 || ==1' | less
 PPID   COMMAND
    1   /lib/systemd/systemd-journald
    1   /lib/systemd/systemd-udevd
    1   /lib/systemd/systemd-timesyncd

$ sudo /sbin/init --version
init (upstart 1.5)
Copyright (C) 2012 Scott James Remnant, Canonical Ltd.

This is free software; see the source for copying conditions.  There is NO warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY
or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.

$ type init
init is /usr/sbin/init

$ type init
init is /sbin/init

#4 楼

 strings /sbin/init | grep -q "/lib/systemd" && echo SYSTEMD
strings /sbin/init | grep -q "sysvinit" && echo SYSVINIT
strings /sbin/init | grep -q "upstart" && echo UPSTART
 

#5 楼

$ ls -l /sbin/init
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 20 juin  25 12:04 /sbin/init -> /lib/systemd/systemd

#6 楼

ps -p 1

ls -l `which init`

dpkg-query -S (executable real path) # Debian  
rpm -qf (executable real path) # RedHat  

#7 楼

$ ls -l /proc/1/fd |grep systemd
lrwx------ 1 root root 64 srp 14 13:56 25 -> /run/systemd/initctl/fifo
lr-x------ 1 root root 64 srp 14 13:56 6 -> /sys/fs/cgroup/systemd

$ ls -l /proc/1/fd |grep /run/initctl # sysvinit
lrwx------ 1 root root 64 srp 14 14:04 10 -> /run/initctl

$ ls -l /proc/1/fd |grep upstart
l-wx------ 1 root root 64 srp 13 16:09 13 -> /var/log/upstart/mysql.log.1 (delete
l-wx------ 1 root root 64 srp 13 16:09 9 -> /var/log/upstart/dbus.log.1 (deleted)

$ ls -l /proc/1/fd # busybox
total 0
lrwx------    1 root     root          64 Jan  1 00:00 0 -> /dev/console
lrwx------    1 root     root          64 Jan  1 00:00 1 -> /dev/console
lrwx------    1 root     root          64 Jan  1 00:00 2 -> /dev/console

$ ls -l /proc/1/exe 
lrwxrwxrwx    1 root     root          0 Jan  1 00:00 /proc/1/exe -> /bin/busybox

#8 楼

#9 楼

USER       PID %CPU %MEM    VSZ   RSS TTY      STAT START   TIME COMMAND
root         1  0.0  0.0   4216   340 ?        Ss    2013   0:57 init [3]

#10 楼

ls -l /sbin/init

$ ls -l /sbin/init 
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 20 nov 18 13:15 /sbin/init -> /lib/systemd/systemd

#11 楼

strings /proc/1/exe |grep -q sysvinit
strings /proc/1/exe |grep -q systemd

#12 楼

file /sbin/init

/sbin/init: symbolic link to 'upstart'

#13 楼

test -d /run/systemd/system

initctl --version | grep -q upstart

#14 楼

detect_distro()
{
  # init process is pid 1
  INIT=`ls -l /proc/1/exe`
  if [[ $INIT == *"upstart"* ]]; then
    SYSTEMINITDAEMON=upstart
  elif [[ $INIT == *"systemd"* ]]; then
    SYSTEMINITDAEMON=systemd
  elif [[ $INIT == *"/sbin/init"* ]]; then
    INIT=`/sbin/init --version`
    if [[ $INIT == *"upstart"* ]]; then
      SYSTEMINITDAEMON=upstart
    elif [[ $INIT == *"systemd"* ]]; then
      SYSTEMINITDAEMON=systemd
    fi
  fi

  if [ -z "$SYSTEMINITDAEMON" ]; then
    echo "WARNING: Unknown distribution, assuming defaults - this may fail." >&2
  else
    echo "Init system discovered: $SYSTEMINITDAEMON"
  fi
}

#15 楼

#16 楼

if [[ `systemctl is-system-running` =~ running ]]; then echo using systemd; fi

#17 楼

case `cat /proc/1/comm` in
    init)    echo Init ;;
    systemd) echo SystemD ;;
    # add here other patterns
    *)       echo "unknown: '`cat /proc/1/comm`'" ;;
esac

#18 楼

check(){
    if hash systemctl 2>/dev/null;
    then
        echo "there is systemd"
    fi

    if hash initctl 2>/dev/null;
    then
        echo "there is upStart"
    fi

    if [ -f "/etc/inittab"];
    then
        echo "there is systemV"
    fi
}

#19 楼

#20 楼