在JavaScript中实现单例的最简单/最简洁的方法

#1 楼

var myInstance = {
  method1: function () {
    // ...
  },
  method2: function () {
    // ...
  }
};

var myInstance = (function() {
  var privateVar = '';

  function privateMethod () {
    // ...
  }

  return { // public interface
    publicMethod1: function () {
      // All private members are accessible here
    },
    publicMethod2: function () {
    }
  };
})();

// my-singleton.js
const somePrivateState = []

function privateFn () {
  // ...
}

export default {
  method1() {
    // ...
  },
  method2() {
    // ...
  }
}

import myInstance from './my-singleton.js'
// ...

#2 楼

var SingletonFactory = (function(){
    function SingletonClass() {
        //do stuff
    }
    var instance;
    return {
        getInstance: function(){
            if (instance == null) {
                instance = new SingletonClass();
                // Hide the constructor so the returned object can't be new'd...
                instance.constructor = null;
            }
            return instance;
        }
   };
})();

var test = SingletonFactory.getInstance();

#3 楼

var foo = (function () {
    "use strict";
    function aPrivateFunction() {}
    return { aPublicFunction: function () {...}, ... };
}());

var Foo = function () {
    "use strict";
    if (Foo._instance) {
        // This allows the constructor to be called multiple times
        // and refer to the same instance. Another option is to
        // throw an error.
        return Foo._instance;
    }
    Foo._instance = this;
    // Foo initialization code
};
Foo.getInstance = function () {
    "use strict";
    return Foo._instance || new Foo();
}

var Foo = (function () {
    "use strict";
    var instance; //prevent modification of "instance" variable
    function Singleton() {
        if (instance) {
            return instance;
        }
        instance = this;
        //Singleton initialization code
    }
    // Instance accessor
    Singleton.getInstance = function () {
        return instance || new Singleton();
    }
    return Singleton;
}());

var a,
    b;
a = new Foo(); // Constructor initialization happens here
b = new Foo();
console.log(a === b); //true

var a,
    b;
a = Foo.getInstance(); // Constructor initialization happens here
b = Foo.getInstance();
console.log(a === b); // true

#4 楼

 class MyClass {
  constructor() {
    if (MyClass._instance) {
      throw new Error("Singleton classes can't be instantiated more than once.")
    }
    MyClass._instance = this;

    // ... Your rest of the constructor code goes after this
  }
}

var instanceOne = new MyClass() // Executes succesfully
var instanceTwo = new MyClass() // Throws error 

 class MyClass {
  constructor() {
    if (MyClass._instance) {
      return MyClass._instance
    }
    MyClass._instance = this;

    // ... Your rest of the constructor code goes after this
  }
}

var instanceOne = new MyClass()
var instanceTwo = new MyClass()

console.log(instanceOne === instanceTwo) // Logs "true" 

#5 楼

class Singleton {
  constructor () {
    if (!Singleton.instance) {
      Singleton.instance = this
    }
    // Initialize object
    return Singleton.instance
  }
  // Properties & Methods
}

const instance = new Singleton()
Object.freeze(instance)

export default instance

#6 楼

class Foo {
  constructor(msg) {

    if (Foo.singleton) {
      return Foo.singleton;
    }

    this.msg = msg;
    Foo.singleton = this;
    return Foo.singleton;
  }
}

const f = new Foo('blah');
const d = new Foo('nope');
console.log(f); // => Foo { msg: 'blah' }
console.log(d); // => Foo { msg: 'blah' }

#7 楼

var myInstance = {}; // Done!

var SingletonClass = new function() {
    this.myFunction() {
        // Do stuff
    }
    this.instance = 1;
}

var SingletonClass = {
    myFunction: function () {
        // Do stuff
    },
    instance: 1
}

#8 楼

window.singleton = (initializer) ->
  instance = undefined
  () ->
    return instance unless instance is undefined
    instance = initializer()

window.singleton = function(initializer) {
    var instance;
    instance = void 0;
    return function() {
        if (instance !== void 0) {
            return instance;
        }
        return instance = initializer();
    };
};

#9 楼

var singleton = function(initializer) {

  var state = 'initial';
  var instance;
  var queue = [];

  var instanceReady = function(createdInstance) {
    state = 'ready';
    instance = createdInstance;
    while (callback = queue.shift()) {
      callback(instance);
    }
  };

  return function(callback) {
    if (state === 'initial') {
      state = 'waiting';
      queue.push(callback);
      initializer(instanceReady);
    } else if (state === 'waiting') {
      queue.push(callback);
    } else {
      callback(instance);
    }
  };

};

var singletonInitializer = function(instanceReady) {
  var preparedObject = {property: 'value'};
  // Calling instanceReady notifies the singleton that the instance is ready to use
  instanceReady(preparedObject);
}
var s = singleton(singletonInitializer);

// Get the instance and use it
s(function(instance) {
  instance.doSomething();
});

#10 楼

var ClassName;

(function() {
    var instance;
    ClassName = function ClassName() {
        // If the private instance variable is already initialized, return a reference
        if(instance) {
            return instance;
        }
        // If the instance is not created, save a pointer of the original reference
        // to the private instance variable.
        instance = this;

        // All constructor initialization will be here
        // i.e.:
        this.someProperty = 0;
        this.someMethod = function() {
            // Some action here
        };
    };
}());

// Extending defined class like singleton object using the new prototype property
ClassName.prototype.nothing = true;
var obj_1 = new ClassName();

// Extending the defined class like a singleton object using the new prototype property
ClassName.prototype.everything = true;
var obj_2 = new ClassName();

// Testing makes these two objects point to the same instance
console.log(obj_1 === obj_2); // Result is true, and it points to the same instance object

// All prototype properties work
// no matter when they were defined
console.log(obj_1.nothing && obj_1.everything
            && obj_2.nothing && obj_2.everything); // Result true

// Values of properties which are defined inside of the constructor
console.log(obj_1.someProperty); // Outputs 0
console.log(obj_2.someProperty); // Outputs 0

// Changing property value
obj_1.someProperty = 1;

console.log(obj_1.someProperty); // Output 1
console.log(obj_2.someProperty); // Output 1

console.log(obj_1.constructor === ClassName); // Output true

#11 楼

// Declare 'Singleton' as the returned value of a self-executing anonymous function
var Singleton = (function () {
    "use strict";
    // 'instance' and 'constructor' should not be available in a "public" scope
    // here they are "private", thus available only within
    // the scope of the self-executing anonymous function
    var _instance=null;
    var _constructor = function (name) {
        this.name = name || 'default';
    }

    // Prototypes will be "public" methods available from the instance
    _constructor.prototype.getName = function () {
        return this.name;
    }

    // Using the module pattern, return a static object
    // which essentially is a list of "public static" methods
    return {
        // Because getInstance is defined within the same scope
        // it can access the "private" 'instance' and 'constructor' vars
        getInstance:function (name) {
            if (!_instance) {
                console.log('creating'); // This should only happen once
                _instance = new _constructor(name);
            }
            console.log('returning');
            return _instance;
        }
    }

})(); // Self execute

// Ensure 'instance' and 'constructor' are unavailable
// outside the scope in which they were defined
// thus making them "private" and not "public"
console.log(typeof _instance); // undefined
console.log(typeof _constructor); // undefined

// Assign instance to two different variables
var a = Singleton.getInstance('first');
var b = Singleton.getInstance('second'); // passing a name here does nothing because the single instance was already instantiated

// Ensure 'a' and 'b' are truly equal
console.log(a === b); // true

console.log(a.getName()); // "first"
console.log(b.getName()); // Also returns "first" because it's the same instance as 'a'

#12 楼

function Class()
{
    var obj = {}; // Could also be used for inheritance if you don't start with an empty object.

    var privateVar;
    obj.publicVar;

    obj.publicMethod = publicMethod;
    function publicMethod(){}

    function privateMethod(){}

    return obj;
}

var objInst = Class(); // !!! NO NEW KEYWORD

ClassSingleton = function()
{
    var instance = null;

    function Class() // This is the class like the above one
    {
        var obj = {};
        return obj;
    }

    function getInstance()
    {
        if( !instance )
            instance = Class(); // Again no 'new' keyword;

        return instance;
    }

    return { getInstance : getInstance };
}();

var obj = ClassSingleton.getInstance();

#13 楼

var singleton = new (function() {
  var bar = 123

  this.foo = function() {
    // Whatever
  }
})()

#14 楼

 var mySingleton = (function () {

  // Instance stores a reference to the singleton
  var instance;

  function init() {

    // Singleton

    // Private methods and variables
    function privateMethod(){
        console.log( "I am private" );
    }

    var privateVariable = "I'm also private";

    var privateRandomNumber = Math.random();

    return {

      // Public methods and variables
      publicMethod: function () {
        console.log( "The public can see me!" );
      },

      publicProperty: "I am also public",

      getRandomNumber: function() {
        return privateRandomNumber;
      }

    };

  };

  return {

    // Get the singleton instance if one exists
    // or create one if it doesn't
    getInstance: function () {

      if ( !instance ) {
        instance = init();
      }

      return instance;
    }

  };

})(); 

#15 楼

function Klass() {
   var instance = this;
   Klass = function () { return instance; }
}

#16 楼

export default class Singleton {

  static instance;

  constructor(){
    if(instance){
      return instance;
    }

    this.state = "duke";
    this.instance = this;
  }

}

#17 楼

var A = function(arg1){
  this.arg1 = arg1
};

var X = function(){
  var instance = {};
  return function(){ return instance; }
}();

var x1 = new X();
var x2 = new X();
console.log(x1 === x2)

#18 楼

var Singleton = (function() {
    var instance;
    var init = function() {
        return {
            display:function() {
                alert("This is a singleton pattern demo");
            }
        };
    };
    return {
        getInstance:function(){
            if(!instance){
                alert("Singleton check");
                instance = init();
            }
            return instance;
        }
    };
})();

// In this call first display alert("Singleton check")
// and then alert("This is a singleton pattern demo");
// It means one object is created

var inst = Singleton.getInstance();
inst.display();

// In this call only display alert("This is a singleton pattern demo")
// it means second time new object is not created,
// it uses the already created object

var inst1 = Singleton.getInstance();
inst1.display();

#19 楼

 var singleton = new (function () {

  var private = "A private value";

  this.printSomething = function() {
      console.log(private);
  }
})();

singleton.printSomething(); 

#20 楼

  class Singleton {

  constructor(field1,field2) {
    this.field1=field1;
    this.field2=field2;
    Singleton.instance=this;
  }

  static getInstance() {
    if (!Singleton.instance) {
      Singleton.instance=new Singleton('DefaultField1','DefaultField2');
    }
    return Singleton.instance;
  }
}
 

console.log(Singleton.getInstance().field1);
console.log(Singleton.getInstance().field2);

DefaultField1
DefaultField2

#21 楼

const singleton = new class {
    name = "foo"
    constructor() {
        console.log(`Singleton ${this.name} constructed`)
    }
}

#22 楼

class Singleton {
  constructor(name, age) {
    this.name = name;
    this.age = age;
    if(this.constructor.instance)
      return this.constructor.instance;
    this.constructor.instance = this;
  }
}
let x = new Singleton('s', 1);
let y = new Singleton('k', 2);

console.log(x.name, x.age, y.name, y.age) // s 1 s 1

function AnotherSingleton (name,age) {
  this.name = name;
  this.age = age;
  if(this.constructor.instance)
    return this.constructor.instance;
  this.constructor.instance = this;
}

let a = new AnotherSingleton('s', 1);
let b = new AnotherSingleton('k', 2);

console.log(a.name, a.age, b.name, b.age) // s 1 s 1

#23 楼

function Once() {
    return this.constructor.instance || (this.constructor.instance = this);
}

function Application(name) {
    let app = Once.call(this);

    app.name = name;

    return app;
}

class Once {
    constructor() {
        return this.constructor.instance || (this.constructor.instance = this);
    }
}

class Application extends Once {
    constructor(name) {
        super();

        this.name = name;
    }
}

console.log(new Once() === new Once());

let app1 = new Application('Foobar');
let app2 = new Application('Barfoo');

console.log(app1 === app2);
console.log(app1.name); // Barfoo

#24 楼

#25 楼

var module = (function(_name){
   /* Local Methods & Values */
   var _local = {
      name : _name,
      flags : {
        init : false
      }
   }

   function init(){
     _local.flags.init = true;
   }

   function imaprivatemethod(){
     alert("Hi, I'm a private method");
   }

   /* Public Methods & variables */

   var $r = {}; // This object will hold all public methods.

   $r.methdo1 = function(){
       console.log("method1 calls it");
   }

   $r.method2 = function(){
      imaprivatemethod(); // Calling private method
   }

   $r.init = function(){
      inti(); // Making 'init' public in case you want to init manually and not automatically
   }

   init(); // Automatically calling the init method

   return $r; // Returning all public methods

})("module");

#26 楼

function CA()
{
    if(CA.instance)
    {
        throw new Error('can not new this class');
    }
    else
    {
        CA.instance = this;
    }
}


/**
 * @protected
 * @static
 * @type {CA}
 */
CA.instance = null;

/* @static */
CA.getInstance = function()
{
    return CA.instance;
}


CA.prototype =
/** @lends CA# */
{
    func: function(){console.log('the func');}
}

// Initialise the instance
new CA();

// Test here
var c = CA.getInstance()
c.func();
console.assert(c instanceof CA)

// This will fail
var b = new CA();

#27 楼

function Unicode()
{
  var i = 0, unicode = {}, zero_padding = "0000", max = 9999;

  // Loop through code points
  while (i < max) {
    // Convert decimal to hex value, find the character,
    // and then pad zeroes to the code point
    unicode[String.fromCharCode(parseInt(i, 16))] = ("u" + zero_padding + i).substr(-4);
    i = i + 1;
  }

  // Replace this function with the resulting lookup table
  Unicode = unicode;
}

// Usage
Unicode();

// Lookup
Unicode["%"]; // Returns 0025

#28 楼

#29 楼

function Singleton() {
    var i = 0;
    var self = this;

    this.doStuff = function () {
        i = i + 1;
        console.log('do stuff', i);
    };

    Singleton = function () { return self };
    return this;
}

s = Singleton();
s.doStuff();

#30 楼

class YourClass {

    @Singleton static singleton() {}

}

function Singleton(target, name, descriptor) {
    var instance;
    descriptor.value = () => {
        if(!instance) instance = new target;
        return instance;
    };
}

var myInstance = YourClass.singleton();