C＃事件和线程安全

#1 楼

TheEvent(this, EventArgs.Empty);

#2 楼

public static class Extensions   
{   
  public static void Raise<T>(this EventHandler<T> handler, 
    object sender, T args) where T : EventArgs   
  {   
    if (handler != null) handler(sender, args);   
  }   
}

MyEvent.Raise( this, new MyEventArgs() );

#3 楼

Executing 50000000 iterations . . .
OnNonThreadSafeEvent took:      432ms
OnClassicNullCheckedEvent took: 490ms
OnPreInitializedEvent took:     614ms <--
Subscribing an empty delegate to each event . . .
Executing 50000000 iterations . . .
OnNonThreadSafeEvent took:      674ms
OnClassicNullCheckedEvent took: 674ms
OnPreInitializedEvent took:     2041ms <--
Subscribing another empty delegate to each event . . .
Executing 50000000 iterations . . .
OnNonThreadSafeEvent took:      2011ms
OnClassicNullCheckedEvent took: 2061ms
OnPreInitializedEvent took:     2246ms <--
Done

#4 楼

public event Action<thisClass, string> Some;
protected virtual void DoSomeEvent(string someValue)
{
  var e = Some; // avoid race condition here! 
  if(null != e) // avoid null condition here! 
     e(this, someValue);
}

#5 楼

#6 楼

// Copy a reference to the delegate field now into a temporary field for thread safety
EventHandler<EventArgs> temp =
Interlocked.CompareExchange(ref NewMail, null, null);
// If any methods registered interest with our event, notify them
if (temp != null) temp(this, e);

#7 楼

private readonly object eventMutex = new object();

private event EventHandler _onEvent = null;

public event EventHandler OnEvent
{
  add
  {
    lock(eventMutex)
    {
      _onEvent += value;
    }
  }

  remove
  {
    lock(eventMutex)
    {
      _onEvent -= value;
    }
  }

}

private void HandleEvent(EventArgs args)
{
  lock(eventMutex)
  {
    if (_onEvent != null)
      _onEvent(args);
  }
}

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#13 楼

public static event EventHandler<EventArgs> PreInitializedEvent = delegate { };  

public static void OnPreInitializedEvent(EventArgs e)  
{  
    // No check required - event will never be null because  
    // we have subscribed an empty anonymous delegate which  
    // can never be unsubscribed. (But causes some overhead.)  
    PreInitializedEvent(null, e);  
}  

#14 楼

#15 楼

/// <summary>
/// Thread safe event invoker
/// </summary>
public sealed class ThreadSafeEventInvoker
{
    /// <summary>
    /// Dictionary of delegates
    /// </summary>
    readonly ConcurrentDictionary<Delegate, DelegateHolder> delegates = new ConcurrentDictionary<Delegate, DelegateHolder>();

    /// <summary>
    /// List of delegates to be called, we need it because it is relatevely easy to implement a loop with list
    /// modification inside of it
    /// </summary>
    readonly LinkedList<DelegateHolder> delegatesList = new LinkedList<DelegateHolder>();

    /// <summary>
    /// locker for delegates list
    /// </summary>
    private readonly ReaderWriterLockSlim listLocker = new ReaderWriterLockSlim();

    /// <summary>
    /// Add delegate to list
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="value"></param>
    public void Add(Delegate value)
    {
        var holder = new DelegateHolder(value);
        if (!delegates.TryAdd(value, holder)) return;

        listLocker.EnterWriteLock();
        delegatesList.AddLast(holder);
        listLocker.ExitWriteLock();
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Remove delegate from list
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="value"></param>
    public void Remove(Delegate value)
    {
        DelegateHolder holder;
        if (!delegates.TryRemove(value, out holder)) return;

        Monitor.Enter(holder);
        holder.IsDeleted = true;
        Monitor.Exit(holder);
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Raise an event
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="args"></param>
    public void Raise(params object[] args)
    {
        DelegateHolder holder = null;

        try
        {
            // get root element
            listLocker.EnterReadLock();
            var cursor = delegatesList.First;
            listLocker.ExitReadLock();

            while (cursor != null)
            {
                // get its value and a next node
                listLocker.EnterReadLock();
                holder = cursor.Value;
                var next = cursor.Next;
                listLocker.ExitReadLock();

                // lock holder and invoke if it is not removed
                Monitor.Enter(holder);
                if (!holder.IsDeleted)
                    holder.Action.DynamicInvoke(args);
                else if (!holder.IsDeletedFromList)
                {
                    listLocker.EnterWriteLock();
                    delegatesList.Remove(cursor);
                    holder.IsDeletedFromList = true;
                    listLocker.ExitWriteLock();
                }
                Monitor.Exit(holder);

                cursor = next;
            }
        }
        catch
        {
            // clean up
            if (listLocker.IsReadLockHeld)
                listLocker.ExitReadLock();
            if (listLocker.IsWriteLockHeld)
                listLocker.ExitWriteLock();
            if (holder != null && Monitor.IsEntered(holder))
                Monitor.Exit(holder);

            throw;
        }
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// helper class
    /// </summary>
    class DelegateHolder
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// delegate to call
        /// </summary>
        public Delegate Action { get; private set; }

        /// <summary>
        /// flag shows if this delegate removed from list of calls
        /// </summary>
        public bool IsDeleted { get; set; }

        /// <summary>
        /// flag shows if this instance was removed from all lists
        /// </summary>
        public bool IsDeletedFromList { get; set; }

        /// <summary>
        /// Constuctor
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="d"></param>
        public DelegateHolder(Delegate d)
        {
            Action = d;
        }
    }
}

    private readonly ThreadSafeEventInvoker someEventWrapper = new ThreadSafeEventInvoker();
    public event Action SomeEvent
    {
        add { someEventWrapper.Add(value); }
        remove { someEventWrapper.Remove(value); }
    }

    public void RaiseSomeEvent()
    {
        someEventWrapper.Raise();
    }

var objects = Enumerable.Range(0, 1000).Select(x => new Bar(foo)).ToList();
Thread.Sleep(10);
objects.ForEach(x => x.Dispose());

    public Bar(Foo foo)
    {
        this.foo = foo;
        foo.SomeEvent += Handler;
    }

    public void Handler()
    {
        if (disposed)
            Console.WriteLine("Handler is called after object was disposed!");
    }

    public void Dispose()
    {
        foo.SomeEvent -= Handler;
        disposed = true;
    }