如何使用Selenium WebDriver下载文件？

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      /*
      * Copyright (c) 2010-2011 Ardesco Solutions - http://www.ardescosolutions.com
      *
      * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
      * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
      * You may obtain a copy of the License at
      *
      * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
      *
      * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
      * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
      * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
      * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
      * limitations under the License.
      */

    package com.lazerycode.ebselen.customhandlers;

    import com.google.common.annotations.Beta;
    import com.lazerycode.ebselen.EbselenCore;
    import com.lazerycode.ebselen.handlers.FileHandler;
    import org.apache.commons.httpclient.*;
    import org.apache.commons.httpclient.cookie.CookiePolicy;
    import org.apache.commons.httpclient.HttpClient;
    import org.apache.commons.httpclient.methods.GetMethod;

    import java.io.*;
    import java.net.URL;
    import java.util.Set;

    import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
    import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;
    import org.slf4j.Logger;
    import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;

    @Beta
    public class FileDownloader {

        private static final Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger(EbselenCore.class);
        private WebDriver driver;
        private String downloadPath = System.getProperty("java.io.tmpdir");

        public FileDownloader(WebDriver driverObject) {
            this.driver = driverObject;
        }

        /**
         * Get the current location that files will be downloaded to.
         *
         * @return The filepath that the file will be downloaded to.
         */
        public String getDownloadPath() {
            return this.downloadPath;
        }

        /**
         * Set the path that files will be downloaded to.
         *
         * @param filePath The filepath that the file will be downloaded to.
         */
        public void setDownloadPath(String filePath) {
            this.downloadPath = filePath;
        }


        /**
         * Load in all the cookies WebDriver currently knows about so that we can mimic the browser cookie state
         *
         * @param seleniumCookieSet
         * @return
         */
        private HttpState mimicCookieState(Set<org.openqa.selenium.Cookie> seleniumCookieSet) {
            HttpState mimicWebDriverCookieState = new HttpState();
            for (org.openqa.selenium.Cookie seleniumCookie : seleniumCookieSet) {
                Cookie httpClientCookie = new Cookie(seleniumCookie.getDomain(), seleniumCookie.getName(), seleniumCookie.getValue(), seleniumCookie.getPath(), seleniumCookie.getExpiry(), seleniumCookie.isSecure());
                mimicWebDriverCookieState.addCookie(httpClientCookie);
            }
            return mimicWebDriverCookieState;
        }

        /**
         * Mimic the WebDriver host configuration
         *
         * @param hostURL
         * @return
         */
        private HostConfiguration mimicHostConfiguration(String hostURL, int hostPort) {
            HostConfiguration hostConfig = new HostConfiguration();
            hostConfig.setHost(hostURL, hostPort);
            return hostConfig;
        }

        public String fileDownloader(WebElement element) throws Exception {
            return downloader(element, "href");
        }

        public String imageDownloader(WebElement element) throws Exception {
            return downloader(element, "src");
        }

        public String downloader(WebElement element, String attribute) throws Exception {
            //Assuming that getAttribute does some magic to return a fully qualified URL
            String downloadLocation = element.getAttribute(attribute);
            if (downloadLocation.trim().equals("")) {
                throw new Exception("The element you have specified does not link to anything!");
            }
            URL downloadURL = new URL(downloadLocation);
            HttpClient client = new HttpClient();
            client.getParams().setCookiePolicy(CookiePolicy.RFC_2965);
            client.setHostConfiguration(mimicHostConfiguration(downloadURL.getHost(), downloadURL.getPort()));
            client.setState(mimicCookieState(driver.manage().getCookies()));
            HttpMethod getRequest = new GetMethod(downloadURL.getPath());
            FileHandler downloadedFile = new FileHandler(downloadPath + downloadURL.getFile().replaceFirst("/|\\", ""), true);
            try {
                int status = client.executeMethod(getRequest);
                LOGGER.info("HTTP Status {} when getting '{}'", status, downloadURL.toExternalForm());
                BufferedInputStream in = new BufferedInputStream(getRequest.getResponseBodyAsStream());
                int offset = 0;
                int len = 4096;
                int bytes = 0;
                byte[] block = new byte[len];
                while ((bytes = in.read(block, offset, len)) > -1) {
                    downloadedFile.getWritableFileOutputStream().write(block, 0, bytes);
                }
                downloadedFile.close();
                in.close();
                LOGGER.info("File downloaded to '{}'", downloadedFile.getAbsoluteFile());
            } catch (Exception Ex) {
                LOGGER.error("Download failed: {}", Ex);
                throw new Exception("Download failed!");
            } finally {
                getRequest.releaseConnection();
            }
            return downloadedFile.getAbsoluteFile();
        }
    }
 

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import org.openqa.selenium.JavascriptExecutor;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;

import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;

public class AjaxFileDownloader {

    private WebDriver driver;

    public AjaxFileDownloader(WebDriver driverObject) {
        this.driver = driverObject;
        driver.manage().timeouts().setScriptTimeout(15, TimeUnit.SECONDS); // maybe you need a different timeout
    }

    public InputStream download(String url) throws IOException {
        String script = "var url = arguments[0];" +
                "var callback = arguments[arguments.length - 1];" +
                "var xhr = new XMLHttpRequest();" +
                "xhr.open('GET', url, true);" +
                "xhr.responseType = \"arraybuffer\";" + //force the HTTP response, response-type header to be array buffer
                "xhr.onload = function() {" +
                "  var arrayBuffer = xhr.response;" +
                "  var byteArray = new Uint8Array(arrayBuffer);" +
                "  callback(byteArray);" +
                "};" +
                "xhr.send();";
        Object response = ((JavascriptExecutor) driver).executeAsyncScript(script, url);
        // Selenium returns an Array of Long, we need byte[]
        ArrayList<Long> byteList = (ArrayList<Long>) response;
        byte[] bytes = new byte[byteList.size()];
        for(int i = 0; i < byteList.size(); i++) {
            bytes[i] = (byte)(long)byteList.get(i);
        }
        return new ByteArrayInputStream(bytes);
    }

}

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webDriver.manage().getCookieNamed("JSESSIONID");

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        static string Test2ExportGeneration()
    {
        IWebDriver driver = new InternetExplorerDriver();
        FiddlerApplication.Startup(8877, true, true);

        List<Session> oAllSessions = new List<Session>();

        LoginPage login = new LoginPage(driver);
        //PerformancePage perf = new PerformancePage(driver);

        FiddlerApplication.AfterSessionComplete += delegate(Session oS)
        {
            Monitor.Enter(oAllSessions);
            oAllSessions.Add(oS);
            Monitor.Exit(oAllSessions);
        };

        driver.Navigate().GoToUrl(test2BaseURL + "login.aspx");
        login.LoginToView("test123@test123.com", "pw");
        driver.Navigate().GoToUrl(test2BaseURL + "/handlers/export.ashx?id=74&accountId=164");

        FiddlerApplication.Shutdown();

        driver.Quit();
        string responseBody = "";

        foreach (Session oS in oAllSessions)
        {
            if (oS.fullUrl.Contains("handlers"))
            {
                oS.utilDecodeResponse();
                string type = oS.oResponse.MIMEType;

                responseBody = oS.GetResponseBodyAsString();

            }
        }

        return responseBody;

    }

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//add wait time to for file download dialogue to appear
    Sleeper.SYSTEM_SLEEPER.sleep(new Duration(5,java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit.SECONDS));
    Robot r = new Robot();
    r.mouseMove(888, 458);//coordinates of save button
    //focus dialogue window
    r.mousePress(InputEvent.BUTTON1_MASK);
    r.mouseRelease(InputEvent.BUTTON1_MASK);
    Sleeper.SYSTEM_SLEEPER.sleep(new Duration(1,java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit.SECONDS));
    //click save button
    r.mousePress(InputEvent.BUTTON1_MASK);
    r.mouseRelease(InputEvent.BUTTON1_MASK);
    //wait for file to download
    Sleeper.SYSTEM_SLEEPER.sleep(new Duration(5,java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit.SECONDS));

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 Thread ts = new Thread(new ThreadStart(()=> submitButton.click();));
 ts.start();
 System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(5000);
 System.Windows.Forms.SendKeys.SendWait("{TAB}");
 System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(1000);
 System.Windows.Forms.SendKeys.SendWait("{TAB}");
 System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(1000);
 System.Windows.Forms.SendKeys.SendWait("{TAB}");
 System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(1000);
 System.Windows.Forms.SendKeys.SendWait("{DOWN}");
 System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(1000);
 System.Windows.Forms.SendKeys.SendWait("{DOWN}");
 System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(1000);
 System.Windows.Forms.SendKeys.SendWait("{ENTER}");
 System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(1000);

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FirefoxProfile profile = new FirefoxProfile();          
profile.setPreference("browser.download.folderList",2);
profile.setPreference("browser.download.manager.showWhenStarting",false);
profile.setPreference("browser.download.dir","C\downloads");
profile.setPreference("browser.helperApps.neverAsk.saveToDisk", 
"application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet;"
+ "application/pdf;" 
+ "application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document;" 
+ "text/plain;" 
+ "text/csv");  
Webdriver driver = new FirefoxDriver(profile);

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val remote = new RemoteWebDriver(new URL("http://localhost:9515/"),
DesiredCapabilities.chrome())
val a =  remote.findElements(By.xpath("""//td[6]/a[2]""")).iterator()

while(a.hasNext){   
  val xmlclick = a.next()   
  println("a href: " + xmlclick.getAttribute("href") + "; "+ xmlclick.getText  )  
  xmlclick.click()   
  Thread.sleep(1000) 
}