我可以创建用户特定的主机文件来补充/ etc / hosts吗？

#1 楼

$ echo 'g www.google.com' >> ~/.hosts
$ export HOSTALIASES=~/.hosts
$ wget g -O /dev/null

#2 楼

mkdir -p -- ~/lib &&
cp /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libnss_files.so.2 ~/lib

perl -pi -e 's:/etc/hosts:/tmp/hosts:g' ~/lib/libnss_files.so.2

export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=~/lib

exec 3< ~/hosts

#3 楼

# Start by creating your custom /etc/hosts file
[user] cd ~
[user] cat >my_hosts <<EOF
127.0.0.1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4
127.0.0.1 news.bbc.co.uk
EOF

[user] sudo unshare --mount
# We're now running as root in a private mountspace. 
# Any filesystem mounts performed in this private mountspace
# are private to this shell process and its children

# Use a bind mount to install our custom hosts file over /etc/hosts
[root] mount my_hosts /etc/hosts --bind

[root] cat /etc/hosts
127.0.0.1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4
127.0.0.1 news.bbc.co.uk

[root] exec su - appuser

[appuser] # Run your app here that needs a custom /etc/hosts file

[appuser] ping news.bbc.co.uk
PING news.bbc.co.uk (127.0.0.1) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from localhost (127.0.0.1): icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.062 ms
64 bytes from localhost (127.0.0.1): icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.026 ms
^C
--- news.bbc.co.uk ping statistics ---
2 packets transmitted, 2 received, 0% packet loss, time 999ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.026/0.044/0.062/0.018 ms

#4 楼

#5 楼

#6 楼

$ cat ~/.bashrc 
function resolve {
        hostfile=~/.hosts
        if [[ -f "$hostfile" ]]; then
                for arg in $(seq 1 $#); do
                        if [[ "${!arg:0:1}" != "-" ]]; then
                                ip=$(sed -n -e "/^\s*\(\#.*\|\)$/d" -e "/\<${!arg}\>/{s;^\s*\(\S*\)\s*.*$;;p;q}" "$hostfile")
                                if [[ -n "$ip" ]]; then
                                        command "${FUNCNAME[1]}" "${@:1:$(($arg-1))}" "$ip" "${@:$(($arg+1)):$#}"
                                        return
                                fi
                        fi
                done
        fi
        command "${FUNCNAME[1]}" "$@"
}

function ping {
        resolve "$@"
}

function traceroute {
        resolve "$@"
}

$ cat ~/.hosts 
# addresses and hostnames
stackexchange.com se

192.168.0.1 host1 # this is host1's address
login-node.inst.ac.uk login

#7 楼

alias jrfbox='ssh jason@192.168.6.6'