sys.stats_columns是否正确？

假设我有一个带有列Foo的表ID1, ID2和一个在ID2, ID1上定义的复合主键。 （我目前正在使用System Center产品，该产品具有以这种方式定义的多个表，并且主键列以与表定义中出现的相反顺序列出。）

CREATE TABLE dbo.Foo(
  ID1 int NOT NULL,
  ID2 int NOT NULL,
CONSTRAINT [PK_Foo] PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED (ID2, ID1)
);
GO

-- Add a row and update stats so that histogram isn't empty
INSERT INTO Foo (ID1, ID2) VALUES (1,2);
UPDATE STATISTICS dbo.Foo;

key_ordinal中的sys.index_columns列以在复合主键中声明的顺序显示索引列：

SELECT t.name, i.name, c.column_id, c.name, ic.index_column_id, ic.key_ordinal
FROM sys.tables AS t
JOIN sys.indexes AS i
ON t.[object_id] = i.[object_id]
JOIN sys.index_columns AS ic
ON ic.[object_id] = i.[object_id]
AND ic.index_id = i.index_id
JOIN sys.columns AS c
ON ic.column_id = c.column_id
AND ic.[object_id] = c.[object_id]
WHERE t.name = 'Foo';

直方图也以相同的顺序显示统计信息：

DBCC SHOW_STATISTICS ('Foo',PK_Foo);

但是，sys.stats_columns显示以相反顺序列出的列（ ID1, ID2）。

SELECT s.name, sc.stats_column_id, c.name
FROM sys.stats AS s
JOIN sys.stats_columns AS sc 
ON s.stats_id = sc.stats_id 
AND s.[object_id] = sc.[object_id] 
JOIN sys.columns AS c 
ON c.[object_id] = s.[object_id]
AND c.column_id = sc.column_id
JOIN sys.objects AS o 
ON o.[object_id] = c.[object_id] 
WHERE o.name = 'Foo'
AND s.name = 'PK_Foo';

在线图书说stats_column_id是“一组统计信息列中的基于1的序数，”期望值1指向统计对象的第一列。

这是sys.stats_columns中的错误还是我的误解？

我已经验证了此行为在当前版本的SQL Server 2005、2008、200上发生8 R2、2012和2014。

sys.stats_columns在其他情况下似乎反映了统计对象内的顺序，例如：

CREATE TABLE dbo.Foo2(
  ID1 int NOT NULL,
  ID2 int NOT NULL,
  ID3 int NULL,
  String VARCHAR(10) NULL,
CONSTRAINT [PK_Foo2] PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED (ID2, ID1)
);

GO

INSERT INTO Foo2 (ID1, ID2, ID3, String) VALUES (1,2,3,'String');

CREATE STATISTICS ST_Test ON Foo2 (ID3, String);
CREATE STATISTICS ST_Test2 ON Foo2 (String, ID3);

DBCC SHOW_STATISTICS ('Foo2',ST_Test);
DBCC SHOW_STATISTICS ('Foo2',ST_Test2);


SELECT s.name, sc.stats_column_id, c.name
FROM sys.stats AS s
JOIN sys.stats_columns AS sc 
ON s.stats_id = sc.stats_id 
AND s.[object_id] = sc.[object_id] 
JOIN sys.columns AS c 
ON c.[object_id] = s.[object_id]
AND c.column_id = sc.column_id
JOIN sys.objects AS o 
ON o.[object_id] = c.[object_id] 
WHERE o.name = 'Foo2'
AND s.name LIKE 'ST_Test%';

这是另一个示例，其中sys.stats_columns似乎返回正确的数据，这一次是为了对索引进行统计：

--drop table dbo.Foo3
CREATE TABLE dbo.Foo3(
  ID1 int NOT NULL,
  ID2 int NOT NULL,
  ID3 int NULL,
  String VARCHAR(10) NULL,
CONSTRAINT [PK_Foo3] PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED (ID2, ID1)
);

GO

INSERT INTO Foo3 (ID1, ID2, ID3, String) VALUES (1,2,3,'String');
UPDATE STATISTICS Foo3;

CREATE INDEX IX_Test ON Foo3 (ID3, String);
CREATE INDEX IX_Test2 ON Foo3 (String, ID3);

DBCC SHOW_STATISTICS ('Foo3',IX_Test);
DBCC SHOW_STATISTICS ('Foo3',IX_Test2);

SELECT s.name, sc.stats_column_id, c.name
FROM sys.stats AS s
JOIN sys.stats_columns AS sc 
ON s.stats_id = sc.stats_id 
AND s.[object_id] = sc.[object_id] 
JOIN sys.columns AS c 
ON c.[object_id] = s.[object_id]
AND c.column_id = sc.column_id
JOIN sys.objects AS o 
ON o.[object_id] = c.[object_id] 
WHERE o.name = 'Foo3'
AND s.name LIKE 'IX_Test%';