使用SOLIDWORKS模型进行MATLAB 3D仿真

#1 楼

我使用CAD软件生成3D模型，将3D模型转换为STL格式，然后使用以下脚本将这些STL文件加载到Matlab：

function [points,success] = LoadSTL(path)
% LoadSTL loads an ASCII STL file with units in [mm]. 
% The output is a structure array where each element in the array is 
% a vertex. 
%
% [points , success] = LoadSTL(path)
%
% path = String containing the path and extension of the file to be loaded.
% points = Matrix of locations where each column is a vertex, rows are x/y/z/1:
%    points(1,:) = x
%    points(2,:) = y
%    points(3,:) = z
%    points(4,:) = 1
%           NOTE - every three columns is a new face/facet. 
% success = Bit indicating if the file was successfully opened or not. 

success = 0;
fileID = fopen(path);
if fileID <0
    fprintf('File not found at path %s\n',path);
    return;
end
fprintf('Loading Path %s...\n',path);
fileData = fread(fileID,'*char');
eol = sprintf('\n');
stlFile = strsplit(fileData',eol);
fclose(fileID);
fprintf('Done.\n')
pause(0.25);
clc
assignin('base' , 'stlFile' , stlFile)
pointsTracker = 1;
for i=2:size(stlFile,2)
    if mod(pointsTracker,100)==0
        clc
        fprintf('Parsing file at %s...\n',path);
        fprintf('Currently logged %d points\n',pointsTracker);
    end

    testLine = stlFile{i};
    rawStrip = strsplit(testLine , ' ' , 'CollapseDelimiters' , true);
    if numel(rawStrip) == 5
        points(1,pointsTracker) = str2double(rawStrip{1,3})/1000;
        points(2,pointsTracker) = str2double(rawStrip{1,4})/1000;
        points(3,pointsTracker) = str2double(rawStrip{1,5})/1000;
        points(4,pointsTracker) = 1;
        pointsTracker = pointsTracker + 1;
    end
end
disp('Done.')
pause(0.25);
clc;

if mod(size(points,2),3) > 0
    disp('File format in an unexpected type.')
    disp('Check the file specified is an STL format file with ASCII formatting.')
    disp('(Error - number of vertices not a multiple of 3)')
    disp(numel(points.x))
    return;
end

success = 1;
return;

我将结果输出（点）保存为.mat文件，并仅从该.mat而不是STL文件加载，因为.mat文件的加载速度比每次解析STL文件都要快得多。

加载文件后，您可以使用以下命令在Matlab中快速绘制STL文件：

myPlotColor = [0.5 0.5 0.5];
nFaces = size(points,2)/3;
patch(...
    reshape(points(1,:),3,nFaces) , ...
    reshape(points(2,:),3,nFaces) , ...
    reshape(points(3,:),3,nFaces) , ...
    myPlotColor);

至此，标准的Matlab绘制命令起作用了。例如，axis equal，hold on等。

现在，考虑到如何从m文件中加载和显示Matlab图中的STL文件，您可以执行任何所需的控制形式。使用由旋转矩阵$ R $和转换向量$ s $组成的任何4x4转换矩阵来转换CAD文件：

$$
\ mbox {transformedPoints} = \ begin {bmatrix}
＆R＆＆s \\
0＆0＆0＆1 \\
\ end {bmatrix}
\ mbox {points}
$$

使用上面显示的patch命令绘制变换后的点。只要您生成了CAD模型，使得3D模型的原点与数学模型的原点相对应，则数学模型围绕其原点的任何移动/旋转都可以正确地应用于CAD模型，然后可以

我要重申的是，此文件加载的是ASCII格式的STL文件，其单位为毫米，生成的图的单位为米，但是您当然可以更改在文件加载过程中使用/1000缩放比例。